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Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.
During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?
- a)3
- b)6
- c)7
- d)9
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) gi...
Eukaryotes have nine initiation factors- elf2, elf3, elf 1, elf4A, elf4B, eIf4C, elf4D, elf5,elf6.
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Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) gi...
Initiation Factors in Eukaryotes for Initiation Reactions during Translation
Introduction:
Translation is a vital process in the cell where amino acids are polymerized to form a polypeptide chain. This process is guided by the sequence of bases in the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The initiation of translation is a crucial step that requires the involvement of several initiation factors in eukaryotes.
Initiation Factors:
Initiation factors are proteins that facilitate the initiation of translation by assembling the ribosome and the mRNA molecule. In eukaryotes, there are several initiation factors involved in the initiation reactions. The correct answer to the question is option 'D', which states that nine initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions. Let's understand the roles of these initiation factors in detail.
1. eIF1: This initiation factor prevents premature binding of the large ribosomal subunit to the small ribosomal subunit during the initiation process.
2. eIF1A: eIF1A helps in the correct positioning of the initiator tRNA at the start codon of the mRNA.
3. eIF2: This initiation factor plays a crucial role in the binding of the initiator tRNA to the small ribosomal subunit.
4. eIF3: eIF3 is the largest initiation factor and acts as a scaffold to bring together the small ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and other initiation factors.
5. eIF4A: This initiation factor is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the secondary structures in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA.
6. eIF4B: eIF4B enhances the unwinding activity of eIF4A and promotes the recruitment of the small ribosomal subunit.
7. eIF4E: eIF4E binds to the 5' cap structure of mRNA and helps in recruiting the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit.
8. eIF4G: eIF4G acts as a bridge between eIF4E and eIF3, promoting the assembly of the translation initiation complex.
9. eIF5: This initiation factor stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP bound to eIF2, allowing the release of other initiation factors and the joining of the large ribosomal subunit.
Conclusion:
In eukaryotes, nine initiation factors are required for initiation reactions during translation. These factors play essential roles in assembling the ribosome, positioning the initiator tRNA, unwinding mRNA secondary structures, and recruiting the translation machinery. Understanding the functions of these initiation factors is crucial for comprehending the complex process of translation in eukaryotic cells.
Introduction:
Translation is a vital process in the cell where amino acids are polymerized to form a polypeptide chain. This process is guided by the sequence of bases in the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The initiation of translation is a crucial step that requires the involvement of several initiation factors in eukaryotes.
Initiation Factors:
Initiation factors are proteins that facilitate the initiation of translation by assembling the ribosome and the mRNA molecule. In eukaryotes, there are several initiation factors involved in the initiation reactions. The correct answer to the question is option 'D', which states that nine initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions. Let's understand the roles of these initiation factors in detail.
1. eIF1: This initiation factor prevents premature binding of the large ribosomal subunit to the small ribosomal subunit during the initiation process.
2. eIF1A: eIF1A helps in the correct positioning of the initiator tRNA at the start codon of the mRNA.
3. eIF2: This initiation factor plays a crucial role in the binding of the initiator tRNA to the small ribosomal subunit.
4. eIF3: eIF3 is the largest initiation factor and acts as a scaffold to bring together the small ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and other initiation factors.
5. eIF4A: This initiation factor is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the secondary structures in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA.
6. eIF4B: eIF4B enhances the unwinding activity of eIF4A and promotes the recruitment of the small ribosomal subunit.
7. eIF4E: eIF4E binds to the 5' cap structure of mRNA and helps in recruiting the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit.
8. eIF4G: eIF4G acts as a bridge between eIF4E and eIF3, promoting the assembly of the translation initiation complex.
9. eIF5: This initiation factor stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP bound to eIF2, allowing the release of other initiation factors and the joining of the large ribosomal subunit.
Conclusion:
In eukaryotes, nine initiation factors are required for initiation reactions during translation. These factors play essential roles in assembling the ribosome, positioning the initiator tRNA, unwinding mRNA secondary structures, and recruiting the translation machinery. Understanding the functions of these initiation factors is crucial for comprehending the complex process of translation in eukaryotic cells.
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Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?a)3b)6c)7d)9Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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