Features of the Non-Cooperation Movement:

The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase in India's struggle for independence led by Mahatma Gandhi. Launched in 1920, it aimed to unite Indians across different social and economic backgrounds to stand against British rule. The movement had several key features that defined its character and impact:

1. Mass Participation:
- The Non-Cooperation Movement witnessed widespread participation from all sections of society, including students, peasants, workers, and professionals.
- It aimed to mobilize the masses and create a united front against British rule, emphasizing the power of non-violent resistance.

2. Boycott of British Institutions:
- The movement called for a boycott of British educational institutions, law courts, and legislative councils.
- Indians were encouraged to withdraw from government services, resign from titles and honors, and refuse to pay taxes and duties.

3. Promotion of Swadeshi:
- The movement emphasized the use of Indian-made goods and the promotion of self-reliance.
- People were urged to boycott British goods and instead support Indian industries and products.

4. Non-Violent Protest:
- Non-violence was the fundamental principle of the Non-Cooperation Movement, inspired by Gandhian philosophy.
- It aimed to demonstrate the moral strength and resilience of the Indian people and highlight the unjust nature of British rule.

5. Mobilization of Women:
- The movement actively involved women, who played a crucial role in protests, demonstrations, and boycott campaigns.
- They participated in picketing liquor shops, spinning and weaving cloth, and promoting the use of khadi (handspun and handwoven cloth).

6. National Integration:
- The movement aimed to bridge regional and communal divides and create a sense of national unity and pride.
- People from various cultural, religious, and linguistic backgrounds came together under the common goal of achieving independence.

7. Repression and Sacrifices:
- The British authorities responded to the movement with repression, arrests, and violence.
- Many Indians faced police brutality and imprisonment, and some even sacrificed their lives for the cause of independence.

8. Suspension of the Movement:
- The Non-Cooperation Movement was temporarily suspended by Gandhi in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where a group of protestors turned violent, leading to the death of policemen.
- Gandhi believed that non-violence was essential, and the movement was paused to emphasize its peaceful nature.

Conclusion:
The Non-Cooperation Movement marked a turning point in India's struggle for independence. It united the masses and instilled a sense of pride, self-reliance, and national unity. Though it was temporarily suspended, the movement left a lasting impact by demonstrating the power of non-violent resistance and inspiring future generations in the fight against colonial rule.