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All questions of Provincial Dynasties of North India & Deccan for UPSC CSE Exam
Which one of the following rulers of Malwa is said to have received a letter of investiture from Caliph of Egypt for his military exploits?- a)Nasir-ud-din
- b)Mahmud Khalji I
- c)Mahmud Khalji II
- d)Ghiyas-ud-din
Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following rulers of Malwa is said to have received a letter of investiture from Caliph of Egypt for his military exploits?
a)
Nasir-ud-din
b)
Mahmud Khalji I
c)
Mahmud Khalji II
d)
Ghiyas-ud-din
|
Varun Kapoor answered |
B) Mahmud Khalji I
Mahmud Khalji I was a 15th-century ruler of the Malwa Sultanate in central India. He is said to have received a letter of investiture from the Caliph of Egypt for his military exploits. The Caliph of Egypt was the spiritual leader of the Islamic world, and receiving a letter of investiture from him was a significant honor.
Mahmud Khalji I was known for his military conquests and efforts to expand the Malwa Sultanate. He led several successful campaigns against neighboring kingdoms, including the Rajputs, Gujarat, and the Delhi Sultanate. His military achievements earned him recognition from the Caliph of Egypt, who bestowed upon him the title of 'Sultan' and legitimized his rule. This recognition helped Mahmud Khalji I consolidate his power and establish his authority over the Malwa region.
Mahmud Khalji I was a 15th-century ruler of the Malwa Sultanate in central India. He is said to have received a letter of investiture from the Caliph of Egypt for his military exploits. The Caliph of Egypt was the spiritual leader of the Islamic world, and receiving a letter of investiture from him was a significant honor.
Mahmud Khalji I was known for his military conquests and efforts to expand the Malwa Sultanate. He led several successful campaigns against neighboring kingdoms, including the Rajputs, Gujarat, and the Delhi Sultanate. His military achievements earned him recognition from the Caliph of Egypt, who bestowed upon him the title of 'Sultan' and legitimized his rule. This recognition helped Mahmud Khalji I consolidate his power and establish his authority over the Malwa region.
Which one of the following places was known as the ‘Shiraz-i-Hind’?- a)Malwa
- b)Pandua
- c)Sonargaon
- d)Jaunpur
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following places was known as the ‘Shiraz-i-Hind’?
a)
Malwa
b)
Pandua
c)
Sonargaon
d)
Jaunpur
|
|
वर्तिका answered |
Jaunpur (Uttar Pradesh)is correct answer and Shahjahan named it 'Shiraz-e-Hind.
Why did Mahmud Begarha sacked Dwarka?- a)Largely because it harboured pirates who preyed on the pilgrim traffic to Mecca
- b)To check the Portuguese power
- c)To destroy the temples
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Why did Mahmud Begarha sacked Dwarka?
a)
Largely because it harboured pirates who preyed on the pilgrim traffic to Mecca
b)
To check the Portuguese power
c)
To destroy the temples
d)
None of these
|
Meera Chavan answered |
Mahmud Begarha sacked Dwarka largely because it harbored pirates who preyed on the pilgrim traffic to Mecca. This event took place in the 16th century during the reign of the Gujarat Sultanate.
1. Introduction:
- Mahmud Begarha, the Sultan of Gujarat, led an attack on Dwarka, an important port city on the western coast of India.
- The reasons behind this attack were primarily related to the pirate activities and their impact on the pilgrimage traffic to Mecca.
2. Dwarka as a harbor for pirates:
- Dwarka was known to harbor pirates who used the city as a base for their activities in the Arabian Sea.
- These pirates would attack and loot ships passing through the region, often targeting the pilgrim ships heading towards Mecca.
- The pirates posed a significant threat to the pilgrims' safety and also disrupted the trade routes in the region.
3. Impact on the pilgrim traffic to Mecca:
- The attack on pilgrim ships by the pirates created fear and insecurity among the pilgrims.
- The pilgrim traffic to Mecca, which was an important religious journey for Muslims, was affected as people became hesitant to undertake the voyage due to the pirate threat.
- This had economic implications as well, as the trade and commerce associated with the pilgrimage suffered.
4. Mahmud Begarha's motive:
- Mahmud Begarha, as the ruler of Gujarat, had a responsibility to protect the pilgrims and maintain law and order in his kingdom.
- The pirate activities in Dwarka directly contradicted his obligations as a ruler.
- To address this issue, Mahmud Begarha decided to sack Dwarka and put an end to the pirate menace.
- By attacking and destroying Dwarka, he aimed to eliminate the pirates' base and restore security to the pilgrim traffic.
5. Conclusion:
- Mahmud Begarha's decision to sack Dwarka was primarily motivated by the need to address the pirate activities that were endangering the pilgrim traffic to Mecca.
- By taking this action, he aimed to eliminate the pirates' base and ensure the safety of the pilgrims undertaking the journey to Mecca.
1. Introduction:
- Mahmud Begarha, the Sultan of Gujarat, led an attack on Dwarka, an important port city on the western coast of India.
- The reasons behind this attack were primarily related to the pirate activities and their impact on the pilgrimage traffic to Mecca.
2. Dwarka as a harbor for pirates:
- Dwarka was known to harbor pirates who used the city as a base for their activities in the Arabian Sea.
- These pirates would attack and loot ships passing through the region, often targeting the pilgrim ships heading towards Mecca.
- The pirates posed a significant threat to the pilgrims' safety and also disrupted the trade routes in the region.
3. Impact on the pilgrim traffic to Mecca:
- The attack on pilgrim ships by the pirates created fear and insecurity among the pilgrims.
- The pilgrim traffic to Mecca, which was an important religious journey for Muslims, was affected as people became hesitant to undertake the voyage due to the pirate threat.
- This had economic implications as well, as the trade and commerce associated with the pilgrimage suffered.
4. Mahmud Begarha's motive:
- Mahmud Begarha, as the ruler of Gujarat, had a responsibility to protect the pilgrims and maintain law and order in his kingdom.
- The pirate activities in Dwarka directly contradicted his obligations as a ruler.
- To address this issue, Mahmud Begarha decided to sack Dwarka and put an end to the pirate menace.
- By attacking and destroying Dwarka, he aimed to eliminate the pirates' base and restore security to the pilgrim traffic.
5. Conclusion:
- Mahmud Begarha's decision to sack Dwarka was primarily motivated by the need to address the pirate activities that were endangering the pilgrim traffic to Mecca.
- By taking this action, he aimed to eliminate the pirates' base and ensure the safety of the pilgrims undertaking the journey to Mecca.
During the reign of which one of the following dynasties of Orissa were the temple of Jagannath at Puri and the Sun-temple at Konark constructed?- a)Chandravanshi dynasty
- b)Gajapati dynasty
- c)Bhoi dynasty
- d)Choda Ganga dynasty
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
During the reign of which one of the following dynasties of Orissa were the temple of Jagannath at Puri and the Sun-temple at Konark constructed?
a)
Chandravanshi dynasty
b)
Gajapati dynasty
c)
Bhoi dynasty
d)
Choda Ganga dynasty
|
Kiran Mehta answered |
b) Gajapati dynasty. During the reign of the Gajapati dynasty of Orissa, the temple of Jagannath at Puri and the Sun-temple at Konark were constructed. The Gajapati dynasty ruled Orissa from the 15th to the 19th century, and it was during this time that many of the region's most famous temples were built. The temple of Jagannath at Puri is one of the four holy sites of Hinduism and is a major pilgrimage destination for devotees of Lord Jagannath. The Sun-temple at Konark, also known as the Black Pagoda, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is renowned for its intricate carvings and beautiful architecture. Other options listed in the question, such as the Chandravanshi dynasty, the Bhoi dynasty, and the Choda Ganga dynasty, are not associated with the construction of these temples.
The new towns of Muhammadabad and Mustafabad was founded by Mahmud Begarha after his victory over(A) The fort of Champaner
(B) The fort of Girnar
(C) The fort of Chittor- a)Only (C)
- b)Only (C) and (B)
- c)Only (A) and (B)
- d)Only (B)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The new towns of Muhammadabad and Mustafabad was founded by Mahmud Begarha after his victory over
(A) The fort of Champaner
(B) The fort of Girnar
(C) The fort of Chittor
(B) The fort of Girnar
(C) The fort of Chittor
a)
Only (C)
b)
Only (C) and (B)
c)
Only (A) and (B)
d)
Only (B)
|
Asha Kumar answered |
Mahmud Begarha, a Sultan of Gujarat, captured three forts in his military campaigns during the 15th century - the forts of Champaner, Girnar, and Chittor.
After his victory over the forts of Champaner and Girnar in 1484, he founded two new towns - Muhammadabad and Mustafabad. These towns were named after his father Muhammad Begada and grandfather Mustafa I.
Therefore, the correct answer of the question is c) Only (A) and (B) - Muhammadabad and Mustafabad were founded by Mahmud Begarha after his victory over the forts of Champaner and Girnar. The fort of Chittor was also captured by Mahmud Begarha, but it was not associated with the foundation of these new towns.
Which one of the following kings of Orissa faced aggression from Krishnadeva Raya of Vijayanagar and Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda?- a)Purushottama
- b)Prataprudra
- c)Kapilendra
- d)Govinda
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following kings of Orissa faced aggression from Krishnadeva Raya of Vijayanagar and Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda?
a)
Purushottama
b)
Prataprudra
c)
Kapilendra
d)
Govinda
|
Anjali Kaur answered |
Prataprudra faced aggression from Krishnadeva Raya of Vijayanagar and Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda.
Background:
Orissa, a region in eastern India, has a rich history of powerful dynasties ruling over it. During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Gajapati dynasty of Orissa was one of the prominent ruling families in the region. Prataprudra Deva was one of the notable kings of this dynasty.
Aggression from Krishnadeva Raya:
Krishnadeva Raya was a powerful ruler of the Vijayanagar Empire, one of the largest and most influential kingdoms in South India during that period. He sought to expand his empire and establish his dominance over neighboring regions.
Krishnadeva Raya's aggression towards Orissa was primarily driven by economic and strategic motives. Orissa was known for its abundant resources, including fertile lands, minerals, and a flourishing maritime trade. The region's strategic location along the eastern coast of India made it an attractive target for Krishnadeva Raya's expansionist ambitions.
Conflict and Consequences:
Prataprudra Deva faced several invasions and attacks from Krishnadeva Raya. The Vijayanagar ruler launched multiple military campaigns to subdue Orissa and bring it under his control. However, Prataprudra Deva fiercely resisted these invasions and defended his kingdom.
The conflict between Prataprudra Deva and Krishnadeva Raya lasted for several years, with both sides engaging in fierce battles and strategic maneuvering. Despite facing a powerful adversary, Prataprudra Deva managed to hold his ground and protect the sovereignty of Orissa.
Aggression from Qutb Shahi kingdom:
In addition to the aggression from Krishnadeva Raya, Prataprudra Deva also faced aggression from the Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda. The Qutb Shahi dynasty was a prominent Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of the Deccan region in South India.
The Qutb Shahi kingdom, like Vijayanagar, sought to expand its territory and influence. They saw Orissa as a potential target due to its strategic location and rich resources. The Qutb Shahi forces launched military campaigns against Orissa to subjugate the region.
Conclusion:
Prataprudra Deva, the king of Orissa, had to face aggression from both Krishnadeva Raya of Vijayanagar and the Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda. Despite these challenges, Prataprudra Deva displayed remarkable resilience and successfully defended his kingdom. His resistance against these powerful adversaries showcases his leadership skills and determination to protect the sovereignty of Orissa.
Background:
Orissa, a region in eastern India, has a rich history of powerful dynasties ruling over it. During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Gajapati dynasty of Orissa was one of the prominent ruling families in the region. Prataprudra Deva was one of the notable kings of this dynasty.
Aggression from Krishnadeva Raya:
Krishnadeva Raya was a powerful ruler of the Vijayanagar Empire, one of the largest and most influential kingdoms in South India during that period. He sought to expand his empire and establish his dominance over neighboring regions.
Krishnadeva Raya's aggression towards Orissa was primarily driven by economic and strategic motives. Orissa was known for its abundant resources, including fertile lands, minerals, and a flourishing maritime trade. The region's strategic location along the eastern coast of India made it an attractive target for Krishnadeva Raya's expansionist ambitions.
Conflict and Consequences:
Prataprudra Deva faced several invasions and attacks from Krishnadeva Raya. The Vijayanagar ruler launched multiple military campaigns to subdue Orissa and bring it under his control. However, Prataprudra Deva fiercely resisted these invasions and defended his kingdom.
The conflict between Prataprudra Deva and Krishnadeva Raya lasted for several years, with both sides engaging in fierce battles and strategic maneuvering. Despite facing a powerful adversary, Prataprudra Deva managed to hold his ground and protect the sovereignty of Orissa.
Aggression from Qutb Shahi kingdom:
In addition to the aggression from Krishnadeva Raya, Prataprudra Deva also faced aggression from the Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda. The Qutb Shahi dynasty was a prominent Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of the Deccan region in South India.
The Qutb Shahi kingdom, like Vijayanagar, sought to expand its territory and influence. They saw Orissa as a potential target due to its strategic location and rich resources. The Qutb Shahi forces launched military campaigns against Orissa to subjugate the region.
Conclusion:
Prataprudra Deva, the king of Orissa, had to face aggression from both Krishnadeva Raya of Vijayanagar and the Qutb Shahi kingdom of Golkonda. Despite these challenges, Prataprudra Deva displayed remarkable resilience and successfully defended his kingdom. His resistance against these powerful adversaries showcases his leadership skills and determination to protect the sovereignty of Orissa.
Which one of the following sultans of Delhi twice made unsuccessful efforts to recover Bengal during the reign of Ilyas Shah and his son Sikander Shah?- a)Firuz Tughlaq
- b)Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq
- c)Ala-ud-din Khalji
- d)Sikander Lodi
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following sultans of Delhi twice made unsuccessful efforts to recover Bengal during the reign of Ilyas Shah and his son Sikander Shah?
a)
Firuz Tughlaq
b)
Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq
c)
Ala-ud-din Khalji
d)
Sikander Lodi
|
Puja Iyer answered |
Explanation:
Firuz Tughlaq's Efforts to Recover Bengal:
- Firuz Tughlaq, a sultan of Delhi, made two unsuccessful attempts to recover Bengal during the reign of Ilyas Shah and his son Sikander Shah.
- Bengal was a significant region in terms of trade and revenue, making it a desirable target for the Delhi sultans.
- Despite his efforts, Firuz Tughlaq was unable to successfully regain control over Bengal during this period.
Reasons for Unsuccessful Attempts:
- The resistance put up by Ilyas Shah and Sikander Shah, the rulers of Bengal, made it challenging for Firuz Tughlaq to conquer the region.
- The geographical distance between Delhi and Bengal also posed logistical challenges for the sultan's military campaigns.
- Internal conflicts within the Delhi Sultanate, as well as external threats from other neighboring states, may have further weakened Firuz Tughlaq's ability to successfully recover Bengal.
Impact on Firuz Tughlaq's Reign:
- The failure to regain Bengal had political and economic implications for Firuz Tughlaq's reign.
- It may have weakened his authority and prestige as a sultan, especially if viewed as a sign of military weakness.
- The loss of potential revenue from Bengal could have also affected the sultanate's financial stability and resources for future military campaigns.
In conclusion, Firuz Tughlaq's unsuccessful attempts to recover Bengal during the reign of Ilyas Shah and Sikander Shah highlight the complex political dynamics and challenges faced by the Delhi sultans in maintaining control over distant regions within their empire.
Firuz Tughlaq's Efforts to Recover Bengal:
- Firuz Tughlaq, a sultan of Delhi, made two unsuccessful attempts to recover Bengal during the reign of Ilyas Shah and his son Sikander Shah.
- Bengal was a significant region in terms of trade and revenue, making it a desirable target for the Delhi sultans.
- Despite his efforts, Firuz Tughlaq was unable to successfully regain control over Bengal during this period.
Reasons for Unsuccessful Attempts:
- The resistance put up by Ilyas Shah and Sikander Shah, the rulers of Bengal, made it challenging for Firuz Tughlaq to conquer the region.
- The geographical distance between Delhi and Bengal also posed logistical challenges for the sultan's military campaigns.
- Internal conflicts within the Delhi Sultanate, as well as external threats from other neighboring states, may have further weakened Firuz Tughlaq's ability to successfully recover Bengal.
Impact on Firuz Tughlaq's Reign:
- The failure to regain Bengal had political and economic implications for Firuz Tughlaq's reign.
- It may have weakened his authority and prestige as a sultan, especially if viewed as a sign of military weakness.
- The loss of potential revenue from Bengal could have also affected the sultanate's financial stability and resources for future military campaigns.
In conclusion, Firuz Tughlaq's unsuccessful attempts to recover Bengal during the reign of Ilyas Shah and Sikander Shah highlight the complex political dynamics and challenges faced by the Delhi sultans in maintaining control over distant regions within their empire.
During whose reign Malwa was absorbed in Gujarat in 1531 A.D.?- a)Baz Bahadur
- b)Mahmud II
- c)Nasir-ud-din
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
During whose reign Malwa was absorbed in Gujarat in 1531 A.D.?
a)
Baz Bahadur
b)
Mahmud II
c)
Nasir-ud-din
d)
None of these
|
Sanaya Basak answered |
Introduction:
During the 16th century, the region of Malwa in central India witnessed several political changes and shifts in power. One such significant event occurred in 1531 A.D., when Malwa was absorbed into Gujarat during the reign of Mahmud II.
Background:
Malwa, located in present-day Madhya Pradesh, was an independent kingdom ruled by the Malwa Sultanate. The sultans of Malwa held authority over the region from the 14th to the 16th centuries. However, their rule was often challenged by neighboring kingdoms and empires.
The Reign of Baz Bahadur:
Baz Bahadur, a prominent figure in Malwa's history, ruled the kingdom from 1555 to 1562 A.D. He was known for his love for music and poetry. However, Baz Bahadur's reign came after the absorption of Malwa into Gujarat, and he was not responsible for this event.
The Reign of Nasir-ud-din:
Nasir-ud-din was another ruler associated with Malwa, but he did not absorb the region into Gujarat. He ruled Malwa from 1500 to 1511 A.D. and was known for his patronage of the arts and literature.
The Reign of Mahmud II:
Mahmud II, also known as Mahmud Begada, was the Sultan of Gujarat from 1458 to 1511 A.D. He was a powerful ruler who expanded the territory of Gujarat significantly. Mahmud II conquered several regions, including Malwa, during his reign.
The Absorption of Malwa in Gujarat:
In 1531 A.D., during Mahmud II's reign, the Sultanate of Gujarat absorbed the region of Malwa. This event is considered significant in the history of both regions. The absorption of Malwa into Gujarat strengthened the power and influence of the Gujarat Sultanate.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, during the reign of Mahmud II, the Sultanate of Gujarat absorbed the region of Malwa in 1531 A.D. This event played a crucial role in shaping the political landscape of central India during the 16th century.
During the 16th century, the region of Malwa in central India witnessed several political changes and shifts in power. One such significant event occurred in 1531 A.D., when Malwa was absorbed into Gujarat during the reign of Mahmud II.
Background:
Malwa, located in present-day Madhya Pradesh, was an independent kingdom ruled by the Malwa Sultanate. The sultans of Malwa held authority over the region from the 14th to the 16th centuries. However, their rule was often challenged by neighboring kingdoms and empires.
The Reign of Baz Bahadur:
Baz Bahadur, a prominent figure in Malwa's history, ruled the kingdom from 1555 to 1562 A.D. He was known for his love for music and poetry. However, Baz Bahadur's reign came after the absorption of Malwa into Gujarat, and he was not responsible for this event.
The Reign of Nasir-ud-din:
Nasir-ud-din was another ruler associated with Malwa, but he did not absorb the region into Gujarat. He ruled Malwa from 1500 to 1511 A.D. and was known for his patronage of the arts and literature.
The Reign of Mahmud II:
Mahmud II, also known as Mahmud Begada, was the Sultan of Gujarat from 1458 to 1511 A.D. He was a powerful ruler who expanded the territory of Gujarat significantly. Mahmud II conquered several regions, including Malwa, during his reign.
The Absorption of Malwa in Gujarat:
In 1531 A.D., during Mahmud II's reign, the Sultanate of Gujarat absorbed the region of Malwa. This event is considered significant in the history of both regions. The absorption of Malwa into Gujarat strengthened the power and influence of the Gujarat Sultanate.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, during the reign of Mahmud II, the Sultanate of Gujarat absorbed the region of Malwa in 1531 A.D. This event played a crucial role in shaping the political landscape of central India during the 16th century.
What was the name of the old town where Ahmad Shah built the capital city of Ahmedabad?- a)Sabarmati
- b)Asawal
- c)Azampur
- d)Ahmednagar
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What was the name of the old town where Ahmad Shah built the capital city of Ahmedabad?
a)
Sabarmati
b)
Asawal
c)
Azampur
d)
Ahmednagar
|
Tushar Iyer answered |
Asawal - The Old Town of Ahmad Shah
The old town where Ahmad Shah built the capital city of Ahmedabad was known as Asawal. This town was chosen by Ahmad Shah, the founder of the city, for its strategic location and fertile land.
Ahmad Shah's Vision
Ahmad Shah had a vision of establishing a strong and prosperous city that would serve as the capital of his kingdom. He selected Asawal as the site for this new city because of its proximity to the Sabarmati River and its conducive environment for agriculture and trade.
Strategic Location
Asawal was strategically located on the banks of the Sabarmati River, which provided a reliable source of water for the residents of the city. The river also facilitated trade and transportation, making Asawal an ideal location for a bustling urban center.
Fertile Land
The fertile land surrounding Asawal was well-suited for agriculture, which was essential for sustaining the growing population of the city. The rich soil supported the cultivation of crops such as wheat, rice, and cotton, contributing to the economic prosperity of the region.
Legacy of Asawal
Although Asawal is now a part of the modern city of Ahmedabad, its legacy as the old town where Ahmad Shah laid the foundation of the capital city lives on. The historical significance of Asawal serves as a reminder of the vision and foresight of its founder in establishing a thriving urban center in the heart of Gujarat.
The old town where Ahmad Shah built the capital city of Ahmedabad was known as Asawal. This town was chosen by Ahmad Shah, the founder of the city, for its strategic location and fertile land.
Ahmad Shah's Vision
Ahmad Shah had a vision of establishing a strong and prosperous city that would serve as the capital of his kingdom. He selected Asawal as the site for this new city because of its proximity to the Sabarmati River and its conducive environment for agriculture and trade.
Strategic Location
Asawal was strategically located on the banks of the Sabarmati River, which provided a reliable source of water for the residents of the city. The river also facilitated trade and transportation, making Asawal an ideal location for a bustling urban center.
Fertile Land
The fertile land surrounding Asawal was well-suited for agriculture, which was essential for sustaining the growing population of the city. The rich soil supported the cultivation of crops such as wheat, rice, and cotton, contributing to the economic prosperity of the region.
Legacy of Asawal
Although Asawal is now a part of the modern city of Ahmedabad, its legacy as the old town where Ahmad Shah laid the foundation of the capital city lives on. The historical significance of Asawal serves as a reminder of the vision and foresight of its founder in establishing a thriving urban center in the heart of Gujarat.
The capital of Malwa was the ancient Hindu city Dhar. Which one of the following rulers shifted it to Mandu?- a)Hoshang
- b)Baz Bahadur
- c)Mahmud Khan Khalji
- d)Ghiyas-ud-din
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The capital of Malwa was the ancient Hindu city Dhar. Which one of the following rulers shifted it to Mandu?
a)
Hoshang
b)
Baz Bahadur
c)
Mahmud Khan Khalji
d)
Ghiyas-ud-din
|
|
Priya Sarkar answered |
Introduction:
The capital of Malwa was the ancient Hindu city of Dhar. However, it was later shifted to Mandu by a ruler. The ruler who made this shift was Hoshang.
Explanation:
- Hoshang: Hoshang was a ruler of Malwa who reigned during the 10th century CE. He was a member of the Paramara dynasty which ruled over Malwa during that time. Hoshang is known for his contribution to the development of Mandu, which eventually became the capital of Malwa.
- Shift to Mandu: Hoshang decided to shift the capital from Dhar to Mandu due to several factors. Mandu was strategically located on a plateau, surrounded by natural defenses such as hills and deep ravines. This made it an ideal location for a capital city, as it provided protection against external invasions.
- Strategic Location: The location of Mandu also provided easy access to important trade routes, making it a hub for commercial activities. This helped in the economic development of the region and contributed to the prosperity of the kingdom.
- Architectural Development: Hoshang was also known for his patronage of art and architecture. He commissioned the construction of several magnificent structures in Mandu, including palaces, temples, and mosques. The most famous among them is the Hoshang Shah's Tomb, which is considered to be one of the earliest marble structures in India.
- Cultural Influence: Hoshang's patronage of art and architecture attracted many artists and scholars to Mandu. This led to a flourishing of culture and learning in the region, making it a center for art, literature, and music.
- Legacy: Hoshang's decision to shift the capital to Mandu had a lasting impact on the region. Mandu continued to be an important political and cultural center even after the decline of the Paramara dynasty. Its architectural marvels and rich cultural heritage have made it a popular tourist destination in present times.
Conclusion:
Hoshang, a ruler of Malwa, shifted the capital from Dhar to Mandu. This decision was driven by the strategic location of Mandu, its natural defenses, and its potential for economic and cultural development. Hoshang's patronage of art and architecture further contributed to the growth and prosperity of Mandu. Today, Mandu stands as a testament to its glorious past and is a reflection of the vision of its ruler.
The capital of Malwa was the ancient Hindu city of Dhar. However, it was later shifted to Mandu by a ruler. The ruler who made this shift was Hoshang.
Explanation:
- Hoshang: Hoshang was a ruler of Malwa who reigned during the 10th century CE. He was a member of the Paramara dynasty which ruled over Malwa during that time. Hoshang is known for his contribution to the development of Mandu, which eventually became the capital of Malwa.
- Shift to Mandu: Hoshang decided to shift the capital from Dhar to Mandu due to several factors. Mandu was strategically located on a plateau, surrounded by natural defenses such as hills and deep ravines. This made it an ideal location for a capital city, as it provided protection against external invasions.
- Strategic Location: The location of Mandu also provided easy access to important trade routes, making it a hub for commercial activities. This helped in the economic development of the region and contributed to the prosperity of the kingdom.
- Architectural Development: Hoshang was also known for his patronage of art and architecture. He commissioned the construction of several magnificent structures in Mandu, including palaces, temples, and mosques. The most famous among them is the Hoshang Shah's Tomb, which is considered to be one of the earliest marble structures in India.
- Cultural Influence: Hoshang's patronage of art and architecture attracted many artists and scholars to Mandu. This led to a flourishing of culture and learning in the region, making it a center for art, literature, and music.
- Legacy: Hoshang's decision to shift the capital to Mandu had a lasting impact on the region. Mandu continued to be an important political and cultural center even after the decline of the Paramara dynasty. Its architectural marvels and rich cultural heritage have made it a popular tourist destination in present times.
Conclusion:
Hoshang, a ruler of Malwa, shifted the capital from Dhar to Mandu. This decision was driven by the strategic location of Mandu, its natural defenses, and its potential for economic and cultural development. Hoshang's patronage of art and architecture further contributed to the growth and prosperity of Mandu. Today, Mandu stands as a testament to its glorious past and is a reflection of the vision of its ruler.
What is Bhoi?- a)The northern region of Orissa was called Bhoi
- b)This is the name of a tribe
- c)The writer case was known as Bhoi
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
What is Bhoi?
a)
The northern region of Orissa was called Bhoi
b)
This is the name of a tribe
c)
The writer case was known as Bhoi
d)
None of these
|
|
Manasa Pillai answered |
Bhoi is the name of a tribe in the Indian state of Odisha. The Bhoi tribe is primarily found in the Balangir district of Odisha and is one of the scheduled tribes recognized by the Indian government. They have a rich cultural heritage and have made significant contributions to the socio-economic development of the region.
The Bhoi tribe has its own distinct language, customs, traditions, and rituals. They are primarily involved in agricultural activities and are known for their expertise in farming and animal husbandry. The tribe has a close connection with nature and follows sustainable practices in their agricultural activities.
The Bhoi tribe has a hierarchical social structure with a village headman known as "Majhi" who is responsible for the overall administration of the village. They have their own traditional justice system and resolve disputes within the community through a council of elders.
The Bhoi tribe celebrates various festivals and rituals throughout the year. One of their important festivals is the "Makar Sankranti" which marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn. During this festival, they worship the sun god and offer prayers for a bountiful harvest. Another significant festival celebrated by the Bhoi tribe is the "Nuakhai" festival, which is the harvest festival. It is a time of feasting, dancing, and merry-making.
The Bhoi tribe has faced various challenges over the years, including marginalization, poverty, and lack of access to basic amenities. The government has implemented various welfare programs and initiatives to uplift the tribe and improve their living conditions. Efforts have been made to provide them with education, healthcare, and other essential services.
In conclusion, Bhoi is the name of a tribe in Odisha, India. They have their own language, customs, and traditions and are primarily involved in agriculture. Despite facing challenges, the Bhoi tribe has a rich cultural heritage and contributes to the socio-economic development of the region.
The Bhoi tribe has its own distinct language, customs, traditions, and rituals. They are primarily involved in agricultural activities and are known for their expertise in farming and animal husbandry. The tribe has a close connection with nature and follows sustainable practices in their agricultural activities.
The Bhoi tribe has a hierarchical social structure with a village headman known as "Majhi" who is responsible for the overall administration of the village. They have their own traditional justice system and resolve disputes within the community through a council of elders.
The Bhoi tribe celebrates various festivals and rituals throughout the year. One of their important festivals is the "Makar Sankranti" which marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn. During this festival, they worship the sun god and offer prayers for a bountiful harvest. Another significant festival celebrated by the Bhoi tribe is the "Nuakhai" festival, which is the harvest festival. It is a time of feasting, dancing, and merry-making.
The Bhoi tribe has faced various challenges over the years, including marginalization, poverty, and lack of access to basic amenities. The government has implemented various welfare programs and initiatives to uplift the tribe and improve their living conditions. Efforts have been made to provide them with education, healthcare, and other essential services.
In conclusion, Bhoi is the name of a tribe in Odisha, India. They have their own language, customs, and traditions and are primarily involved in agriculture. Despite facing challenges, the Bhoi tribe has a rich cultural heritage and contributes to the socio-economic development of the region.
Which one of the following statements about the state of Malwa is not correct?- a)Its capital was shifted from Dhar to Mandu.
- b)From the beginning the kingdom of Malwa faced internal dissensions.
- c)Malwa was situated on the high plateau between the rivers Narbada and Tapti.
- d)During the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa remained at the height of its glory.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following statements about the state of Malwa is not correct?
a)
Its capital was shifted from Dhar to Mandu.
b)
From the beginning the kingdom of Malwa faced internal dissensions.
c)
Malwa was situated on the high plateau between the rivers Narbada and Tapti.
d)
During the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa remained at the height of its glory.
|
|
Abhay Mukherjee answered |
The correct answer is option D: During the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa remained at the height of its glory.
Explanation:
- The kingdom of Malwa was an important region in Central India during the medieval period. It had a rich history and experienced various political and cultural changes.
- The statement in option D is incorrect because during the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa did not remain at the height of its glory. In fact, it faced significant challenges and decline during this period.
- Malwa's capital was initially located in Dhar, but it was later shifted to Mandu. This is mentioned in option A and is correct.
- From the beginning, the kingdom of Malwa faced internal dissensions, as mentioned in option B. This is also true as there were frequent power struggles and conflicts among different rulers and factions within the region.
- Malwa was situated on the high plateau between the rivers Narbada and Tapti, as mentioned in option C. This is accurate as the region is located in present-day Madhya Pradesh and is known for its hilly terrain.
- However, during the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa faced a series of invasions and conflicts that led to its decline. It was during this period that the Delhi Sultanate, under the rule of Alauddin Khalji, invaded Malwa and sacked its capital Mandu. This marked the beginning of a decline in the region's political and economic power.
- The decline of Malwa continued in the following centuries, with the region being ruled by various dynasties and experiencing further invasions from the Mughals and Marathas. It never regained the height of its glory during the 14th century.
In conclusion, the correct statement about the state of Malwa is that during the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa did not remain at the height of its glory.
Explanation:
- The kingdom of Malwa was an important region in Central India during the medieval period. It had a rich history and experienced various political and cultural changes.
- The statement in option D is incorrect because during the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa did not remain at the height of its glory. In fact, it faced significant challenges and decline during this period.
- Malwa's capital was initially located in Dhar, but it was later shifted to Mandu. This is mentioned in option A and is correct.
- From the beginning, the kingdom of Malwa faced internal dissensions, as mentioned in option B. This is also true as there were frequent power struggles and conflicts among different rulers and factions within the region.
- Malwa was situated on the high plateau between the rivers Narbada and Tapti, as mentioned in option C. This is accurate as the region is located in present-day Madhya Pradesh and is known for its hilly terrain.
- However, during the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa faced a series of invasions and conflicts that led to its decline. It was during this period that the Delhi Sultanate, under the rule of Alauddin Khalji, invaded Malwa and sacked its capital Mandu. This marked the beginning of a decline in the region's political and economic power.
- The decline of Malwa continued in the following centuries, with the region being ruled by various dynasties and experiencing further invasions from the Mughals and Marathas. It never regained the height of its glory during the 14th century.
In conclusion, the correct statement about the state of Malwa is that during the 14th century, the kingdom of Malwa did not remain at the height of its glory.
During the reign of which one of the following kings did Sikander Lodi attack Bengal?- a)Nusrat Shah
- b)Firuz Shah
- c)Mahmud Shah
- d)Husain Shah
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
During the reign of which one of the following kings did Sikander Lodi attack Bengal?
a)
Nusrat Shah
b)
Firuz Shah
c)
Mahmud Shah
d)
Husain Shah
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|
Rhea Mehta answered |
Introduction:
Sikander Lodi was the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate from 1489 to 1517. During his reign, he launched several military campaigns to expand his empire. One such campaign was the attack on Bengal, which took place during the reign of Husain Shah, making option D the correct answer.
Reasons for Sikander Lodi's Attack on Bengal:
There were several factors that led Sikander Lodi to launch an attack on Bengal:
1. Geographical Proximity:
Bengal was a neighboring region to the Delhi Sultanate, and its strategic location made it an attractive target for Sikander Lodi's expansionist ambitions.
2. Economic Importance:
Bengal was known for its prosperous trade and commerce. It had a well-developed agricultural sector, which produced high-quality rice, jute, and other goods. By capturing Bengal, Sikander Lodi aimed to gain control over its valuable resources and increase his empire's economic prosperity.
3. Political Instability:
During the reign of Husain Shah, Bengal was facing internal conflicts and political instability. Sikander Lodi saw this as an opportunity to exploit the weakness of the Bengal Sultanate and establish his dominance in the region.
The Attack on Bengal:
Sikander Lodi launched a military campaign against Bengal during the reign of Husain Shah. The exact year of the attack is not specified, but it occurred during Sikander Lodi's reign, which began in 1489.
Results of the Attack:
Sikander Lodi's attack on Bengal was successful, and he was able to capture significant territories in the region. He appointed his trusted generals and administrators to govern these territories and ensure his control over Bengal.
Conclusion:
Sikander Lodi's attack on Bengal took place during the reign of Husain Shah. The reasons for this attack included the geographical proximity of Bengal, its economic importance, and the political instability in the region. Sikander Lodi's successful campaign resulted in the expansion of his empire and the establishment of his rule in Bengal.
Sikander Lodi was the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate from 1489 to 1517. During his reign, he launched several military campaigns to expand his empire. One such campaign was the attack on Bengal, which took place during the reign of Husain Shah, making option D the correct answer.
Reasons for Sikander Lodi's Attack on Bengal:
There were several factors that led Sikander Lodi to launch an attack on Bengal:
1. Geographical Proximity:
Bengal was a neighboring region to the Delhi Sultanate, and its strategic location made it an attractive target for Sikander Lodi's expansionist ambitions.
2. Economic Importance:
Bengal was known for its prosperous trade and commerce. It had a well-developed agricultural sector, which produced high-quality rice, jute, and other goods. By capturing Bengal, Sikander Lodi aimed to gain control over its valuable resources and increase his empire's economic prosperity.
3. Political Instability:
During the reign of Husain Shah, Bengal was facing internal conflicts and political instability. Sikander Lodi saw this as an opportunity to exploit the weakness of the Bengal Sultanate and establish his dominance in the region.
The Attack on Bengal:
Sikander Lodi launched a military campaign against Bengal during the reign of Husain Shah. The exact year of the attack is not specified, but it occurred during Sikander Lodi's reign, which began in 1489.
Results of the Attack:
Sikander Lodi's attack on Bengal was successful, and he was able to capture significant territories in the region. He appointed his trusted generals and administrators to govern these territories and ensure his control over Bengal.
Conclusion:
Sikander Lodi's attack on Bengal took place during the reign of Husain Shah. The reasons for this attack included the geographical proximity of Bengal, its economic importance, and the political instability in the region. Sikander Lodi's successful campaign resulted in the expansion of his empire and the establishment of his rule in Bengal.
Which one of the following rulers erected a tower of victory at Mandu to commemorate his success of capturing Bundi and Ajmer?- a)Mahmud
- b)Hoshang
- c)Mahmud II
- d)Ghiyas-ud-din
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following rulers erected a tower of victory at Mandu to commemorate his success of capturing Bundi and Ajmer?
a)
Mahmud
b)
Hoshang
c)
Mahmud II
d)
Ghiyas-ud-din
|
|
Charvi Bose answered |
Background:
The ruler who erected a tower of victory at Mandu to commemorate his success of capturing Bundi and Ajmer was Mahmud of Gujarat. Mahmud Shah I, also known as Mahmud Begada, was a sultan of Gujarat Sultanate in India. He ruled from 1458 to 1511.
Explanation:
Mahmud's Military Campaigns:
During his reign, Mahmud Shah I launched several military campaigns to expand his kingdom. One of his notable military successes was the capture of Bundi and Ajmer. These conquests were significant as they further strengthened his control over the region.
Construction of the Tower of Victory:
To commemorate his victories and showcase his military prowess, Mahmud Shah I decided to erect a tower of victory at Mandu. Mandu, located in present-day Madhya Pradesh, was the capital city of the Malwa Sultanate. The tower, known as the "Tower of Victory" or "Vijay Stambha," was built in the early 16th century.
Architectural Significance:
The Tower of Victory is a magnificent structure that stands tall as a symbol of Mahmud Shah I's military achievements. It is an excellent example of Indo-Islamic architecture, blending elements of Hindu and Islamic styles. The tower is adorned with intricate carvings and inscriptions, showcasing the artistic and architectural skills of the time.
Features of the Tower:
The Vijay Stambha is around 37 meters tall and consists of several levels or stories. Each level is adorned with beautifully carved sculptures and motifs. The tower is built in the Solanki style, with balconies and balconettes on each level. The intricate carvings depict scenes from Hindu mythology, as well as historical events and figures.
Symbol of Power:
The construction of the Tower of Victory was not only a testament to Mahmud Shah I's military successes but also a symbol of his power and authority. It served as a reminder to his subjects and rivals of his dominance and the might of the Gujarat Sultanate.
Conclusion:
Mahmud Shah I, the ruler of Gujarat Sultanate, built the Tower of Victory at Mandu to commemorate his conquests of Bundi and Ajmer. This architectural marvel stands as a testament to his military achievements and continues to be a significant tourist attraction in present-day Madhya Pradesh.
The ruler who erected a tower of victory at Mandu to commemorate his success of capturing Bundi and Ajmer was Mahmud of Gujarat. Mahmud Shah I, also known as Mahmud Begada, was a sultan of Gujarat Sultanate in India. He ruled from 1458 to 1511.
Explanation:
Mahmud's Military Campaigns:
During his reign, Mahmud Shah I launched several military campaigns to expand his kingdom. One of his notable military successes was the capture of Bundi and Ajmer. These conquests were significant as they further strengthened his control over the region.
Construction of the Tower of Victory:
To commemorate his victories and showcase his military prowess, Mahmud Shah I decided to erect a tower of victory at Mandu. Mandu, located in present-day Madhya Pradesh, was the capital city of the Malwa Sultanate. The tower, known as the "Tower of Victory" or "Vijay Stambha," was built in the early 16th century.
Architectural Significance:
The Tower of Victory is a magnificent structure that stands tall as a symbol of Mahmud Shah I's military achievements. It is an excellent example of Indo-Islamic architecture, blending elements of Hindu and Islamic styles. The tower is adorned with intricate carvings and inscriptions, showcasing the artistic and architectural skills of the time.
Features of the Tower:
The Vijay Stambha is around 37 meters tall and consists of several levels or stories. Each level is adorned with beautifully carved sculptures and motifs. The tower is built in the Solanki style, with balconies and balconettes on each level. The intricate carvings depict scenes from Hindu mythology, as well as historical events and figures.
Symbol of Power:
The construction of the Tower of Victory was not only a testament to Mahmud Shah I's military successes but also a symbol of his power and authority. It served as a reminder to his subjects and rivals of his dominance and the might of the Gujarat Sultanate.
Conclusion:
Mahmud Shah I, the ruler of Gujarat Sultanate, built the Tower of Victory at Mandu to commemorate his conquests of Bundi and Ajmer. This architectural marvel stands as a testament to his military achievements and continues to be a significant tourist attraction in present-day Madhya Pradesh.
The Italian traveller Ludovico Didi Varthema wrote, “The prince of Cambay’s daily food, is ass, the basilisk and toad”. Who was that prince?- a)Ahmad Shah
- b)Mahmud Begarha
- c)Muzaffar Shah
- d)Nasir-ud-din
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The Italian traveller Ludovico Didi Varthema wrote, “The prince of Cambay’s daily food, is ass, the basilisk and toad”. Who was that prince?
a)
Ahmad Shah
b)
Mahmud Begarha
c)
Muzaffar Shah
d)
Nasir-ud-din
|
Jaideep Sen answered |
The Prince of Cambay
The prince referred to in the statement is Mahmud Begarha, who was the ruler of Cambay (present-day Khambhat, Gujarat, India) during the 16th century. Ludovico Didi Varthema, an Italian traveller, visited Cambay during his travels and documented his experiences in his book "Itinerario de Ludouico de Varthema Bolognese."
Ludovico Didi Varthema
Ludovico Didi Varthema was an Italian traveller and adventurer who embarked on a journey to the East in the early 16th century. He visited various countries including Egypt, Arabia, India, and Southeast Asia. His book, written in Italian, provides valuable insights into the cultures, customs, and societies of the places he visited.
The Daily Food of the Prince
According to Ludovico Didi Varthema's account, the daily food of Mahmud Begarha, the prince of Cambay, included unconventional items like ass, basilisk, and toad. It is important to note that this account is based on Varthema's observations and may not necessarily reflect the actual diet of the prince. It is possible that Varthema exaggerated or misunderstood the food habits of the prince and the people of Cambay.
Mahmud Begarha
Mahmud Begarha was a prominent ruler of the Sultanate of Gujarat during the 16th century. He ascended the throne in 1535 and ruled until his death in 1554. He was known for his military prowess and strategic alliances. Mahmud Begarha undertook several military campaigns to expand his kingdom and had a significant impact on the political landscape of Gujarat.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Ludovico Didi Varthema's account states that the daily food of the prince of Cambay, Mahmud Begarha, included ass, basilisk, and toad. However, it is important to approach this account with caution as it may not accurately represent the actual diet of the prince. Varthema's observations provide valuable insights into the cultural practices of the time, but they should be examined critically and corroborated with other historical sources.
The prince referred to in the statement is Mahmud Begarha, who was the ruler of Cambay (present-day Khambhat, Gujarat, India) during the 16th century. Ludovico Didi Varthema, an Italian traveller, visited Cambay during his travels and documented his experiences in his book "Itinerario de Ludouico de Varthema Bolognese."
Ludovico Didi Varthema
Ludovico Didi Varthema was an Italian traveller and adventurer who embarked on a journey to the East in the early 16th century. He visited various countries including Egypt, Arabia, India, and Southeast Asia. His book, written in Italian, provides valuable insights into the cultures, customs, and societies of the places he visited.
The Daily Food of the Prince
According to Ludovico Didi Varthema's account, the daily food of Mahmud Begarha, the prince of Cambay, included unconventional items like ass, basilisk, and toad. It is important to note that this account is based on Varthema's observations and may not necessarily reflect the actual diet of the prince. It is possible that Varthema exaggerated or misunderstood the food habits of the prince and the people of Cambay.
Mahmud Begarha
Mahmud Begarha was a prominent ruler of the Sultanate of Gujarat during the 16th century. He ascended the throne in 1535 and ruled until his death in 1554. He was known for his military prowess and strategic alliances. Mahmud Begarha undertook several military campaigns to expand his kingdom and had a significant impact on the political landscape of Gujarat.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Ludovico Didi Varthema's account states that the daily food of the prince of Cambay, Mahmud Begarha, included ass, basilisk, and toad. However, it is important to approach this account with caution as it may not accurately represent the actual diet of the prince. Varthema's observations provide valuable insights into the cultural practices of the time, but they should be examined critically and corroborated with other historical sources.
Which one of the following rulers of Kashmir has been described as the Akbar of Kashmir?- a)Sikander Shah
- b)Zain-ul-Abidin
- c)Shams-ud-din Shah
- d)Qutb-ud-din Shah
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following rulers of Kashmir has been described as the Akbar of Kashmir?
a)
Sikander Shah
b)
Zain-ul-Abidin
c)
Shams-ud-din Shah
d)
Qutb-ud-din Shah
|
|
Shilpa Yadav answered |
Introduction:
The ruler of Kashmir who has been described as the Akbar of Kashmir is Zain-ul-Abidin. He was the seventh sultan of the Shah Mir dynasty and ruled Kashmir from 1420 to 1470.
Reasons for Zain-ul-Abidin being described as the Akbar of Kashmir:
1. Religious tolerance: Zain-ul-Abidin was known for his religious tolerance, similar to Akbar. He followed a policy of religious inclusivity and allowed Hindus to practice their faith freely. He abolished the jizya tax on non-Muslims and promoted communal harmony in the region.
2. Administrative reforms: Zain-ul-Abidin implemented several administrative reforms in Kashmir, just like Akbar did in the Mughal Empire. He introduced a system of revenue administration that was based on fairness and justice. He also established a separate department for the welfare of the poor and orphans.
3. Promotion of arts and culture: Zain-ul-Abidin was a patron of arts and culture, similar to Akbar. He encouraged the development of literature, music, and architecture in Kashmir. He invited scholars, poets, and artists from different parts of the world to his court, leading to a flourishing cultural environment.
4. Infrastructure development: Zain-ul-Abidin undertook various infrastructure development projects in Kashmir. He constructed canals, bridges, and roads to improve connectivity and facilitate trade. He also built public baths, hospitals, and rest houses for the welfare of the people.
5. Justice and rule of law: Zain-ul-Abidin emphasized justice and the rule of law during his reign. He established a system of courts and appointed qazis (judges) to ensure fair and impartial dispensation of justice. He also introduced reforms to protect the rights of women and to prevent the exploitation of the poor.
6. Foreign relations: Zain-ul-Abidin maintained good relations with neighboring kingdoms and empires, just like Akbar. He promoted diplomacy and trade with other regions, leading to economic growth and prosperity in Kashmir.
Conclusion:
Zain-ul-Abidin's rule in Kashmir was marked by religious tolerance, administrative reforms, promotion of arts and culture, infrastructure development, justice, and good governance. These qualities and achievements have led to his comparison with Akbar, who is considered one of the greatest rulers in Indian history.
The ruler of Kashmir who has been described as the Akbar of Kashmir is Zain-ul-Abidin. He was the seventh sultan of the Shah Mir dynasty and ruled Kashmir from 1420 to 1470.
Reasons for Zain-ul-Abidin being described as the Akbar of Kashmir:
1. Religious tolerance: Zain-ul-Abidin was known for his religious tolerance, similar to Akbar. He followed a policy of religious inclusivity and allowed Hindus to practice their faith freely. He abolished the jizya tax on non-Muslims and promoted communal harmony in the region.
2. Administrative reforms: Zain-ul-Abidin implemented several administrative reforms in Kashmir, just like Akbar did in the Mughal Empire. He introduced a system of revenue administration that was based on fairness and justice. He also established a separate department for the welfare of the poor and orphans.
3. Promotion of arts and culture: Zain-ul-Abidin was a patron of arts and culture, similar to Akbar. He encouraged the development of literature, music, and architecture in Kashmir. He invited scholars, poets, and artists from different parts of the world to his court, leading to a flourishing cultural environment.
4. Infrastructure development: Zain-ul-Abidin undertook various infrastructure development projects in Kashmir. He constructed canals, bridges, and roads to improve connectivity and facilitate trade. He also built public baths, hospitals, and rest houses for the welfare of the people.
5. Justice and rule of law: Zain-ul-Abidin emphasized justice and the rule of law during his reign. He established a system of courts and appointed qazis (judges) to ensure fair and impartial dispensation of justice. He also introduced reforms to protect the rights of women and to prevent the exploitation of the poor.
6. Foreign relations: Zain-ul-Abidin maintained good relations with neighboring kingdoms and empires, just like Akbar. He promoted diplomacy and trade with other regions, leading to economic growth and prosperity in Kashmir.
Conclusion:
Zain-ul-Abidin's rule in Kashmir was marked by religious tolerance, administrative reforms, promotion of arts and culture, infrastructure development, justice, and good governance. These qualities and achievements have led to his comparison with Akbar, who is considered one of the greatest rulers in Indian history.
Which one of the following statements about Zain-ul-Abidin is correct?- a)At his instanc e Mahabharata and Rajatarangini were translated into Persian.
- b)He abolished cow-slaughter and Jizaya.
- c)He regulated the prices of commodities and regulated the burden of taxation on people.
- d)He controlled crimes by giving the responsibility on the village community.
- e)All of the above.
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following statements about Zain-ul-Abidin is correct?
a)
At his instanc e Mahabharata and Rajatarangini were translated into Persian.
b)
He abolished cow-slaughter and Jizaya.
c)
He regulated the prices of commodities and regulated the burden of taxation on people.
d)
He controlled crimes by giving the responsibility on the village community.
e)
All of the above.
|
Raghav Kumar answered |
Zain-ul-Abidin was a ruler of the Kashmir Sultanate who ruled from 1420 to 1470 AD. He is known for his administrative and social reforms, which had a lasting impact on the region. The correct statement about him is that all of the above options are correct.
Regulation of Prices and Taxation
Zain-ul-Abidin introduced several measures to regulate the prices of commodities and ensure that the burden of taxation did not fall too heavily on the people. He implemented a system of market control, which involved fixing the prices of essential commodities such as food grains, clothes, and medicines. He also regulated the prices of luxury items such as silk and spices.
Control of Crimes
Zain-ul-Abidin implemented several measures to control crimes in his kingdom. He introduced a system of village-level policing, where the responsibility of maintaining law and order was given to the local community. He also established a system of courts to ensure that justice was delivered promptly and fairly.
Abolition of Cow-slaughter and Jizya
Zain-ul-Abidin was known for his religious tolerance and secular outlook. He abolished the practice of cow-slaughter, which was a sensitive issue for Hindus in his kingdom. He also abolished the Jizya tax, which was levied on non-Muslims.
Translation of Mahabharata and Rajatarangini
Zain-ul-Abidin was a patron of learning and literature. He encouraged scholars to translate works from Sanskrit into Persian so that they could be more widely read and understood. At his instigation, the Mahabharata and Rajatarangini were translated into Persian.
In conclusion, Zain-ul-Abidin was a visionary ruler who implemented several measures to improve the lives of his people. His reforms had a lasting impact on the region and are still remembered today.
Regulation of Prices and Taxation
Zain-ul-Abidin introduced several measures to regulate the prices of commodities and ensure that the burden of taxation did not fall too heavily on the people. He implemented a system of market control, which involved fixing the prices of essential commodities such as food grains, clothes, and medicines. He also regulated the prices of luxury items such as silk and spices.
Control of Crimes
Zain-ul-Abidin implemented several measures to control crimes in his kingdom. He introduced a system of village-level policing, where the responsibility of maintaining law and order was given to the local community. He also established a system of courts to ensure that justice was delivered promptly and fairly.
Abolition of Cow-slaughter and Jizya
Zain-ul-Abidin was known for his religious tolerance and secular outlook. He abolished the practice of cow-slaughter, which was a sensitive issue for Hindus in his kingdom. He also abolished the Jizya tax, which was levied on non-Muslims.
Translation of Mahabharata and Rajatarangini
Zain-ul-Abidin was a patron of learning and literature. He encouraged scholars to translate works from Sanskrit into Persian so that they could be more widely read and understood. At his instigation, the Mahabharata and Rajatarangini were translated into Persian.
In conclusion, Zain-ul-Abidin was a visionary ruler who implemented several measures to improve the lives of his people. His reforms had a lasting impact on the region and are still remembered today.
Why did Mahmud Begarha try to check the Portuguese naval power?- a)Because he was advised to do so by the sultans of Egypt.
- b)Because the Portuguese were interfering with Gujarat’s trade with the countries of West Asia.
- c)Because the Portuguese were gradually holding political power.
- d)All of the above.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Why did Mahmud Begarha try to check the Portuguese naval power?
a)
Because he was advised to do so by the sultans of Egypt.
b)
Because the Portuguese were interfering with Gujarat’s trade with the countries of West Asia.
c)
Because the Portuguese were gradually holding political power.
d)
All of the above.
|
Rhea Kulkarni answered |
Reason for trying to check Portuguese naval power:
Reasons for Mahmud Begarha trying to check the Portuguese naval power include:
Interference with trade:
- The Portuguese were interfering with Gujarat's trade with countries in West Asia.
- This interference threatened Gujarat's economic interests and trade routes.
- Mahmud Begarha saw the need to protect Gujarat's trade and economy from Portuguese disruption.
Political power:
- The Portuguese were gradually gaining political power in the region.
- This posed a threat to the existing political order and stability in Gujarat.
- Mahmud Begarha recognized the need to limit Portuguese influence and prevent them from further expanding their political power.
Advice from the sultans of Egypt:
- Mahmud Begarha was advised by the sultans of Egypt to check the Portuguese naval power.
- This advice likely came from the sultans' own experiences with Portuguese expansionism and the threat it posed to their own territories.
- As a result, Mahmud Begarha heeded this advice and took steps to confront and counter the Portuguese naval power.
In conclusion, Mahmud Begarha's decision to check the Portuguese naval power was influenced by a combination of factors, including the interference with trade, the threat to political stability, and advice from the sultans of Egypt. This demonstrates his strategic thinking and proactive approach in safeguarding Gujarat's interests and sovereignty.
Who annexed Khandesh to his empire?- a)Babur
- b)Akbar
- c)Sikander Lodi
- d)Aurangzeb
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Who annexed Khandesh to his empire?
a)
Babur
b)
Akbar
c)
Sikander Lodi
d)
Aurangzeb
|
|
Ashish Kumar answered |
Annexation of Khandesh to the Mughal Empire by Babur
Khandesh, a region located in present-day Maharashtra, India, was annexed to the Mughal Empire by Babur, the founder of the Mughal dynasty. This annexation took place during Babur's expansionist campaigns in the early 16th century.
Background:
Khandesh was a region ruled by the Faruqi dynasty, which was a part of the Bahmani Sultanate. The Bahmani Sultanate had fragmented into several smaller states, including Khandesh, due to internal conflicts and power struggles. The Faruqi dynasty, led by Nasir Khan, ruled Khandesh as an independent kingdom.
Babur's Campaigns:
Babur, who had already established his rule in parts of Central Asia, invaded India with the aim of expanding his empire. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 and established the Mughal Empire.
After consolidating his hold over Delhi and Agra, Babur turned his attention towards the Deccan region, which included Khandesh. In 1529, Babur launched a campaign against the Faruqi dynasty in Khandesh.
Conquest of Khandesh:
Babur's forces, led by his son Humayun, besieged the fortress of Asirgarh, a strategic stronghold in Khandesh. The fort, situated on a hill, was well-fortified and defended by the Faruqi army. However, after a prolonged siege, the Mughal forces managed to breach the defenses and capture the fort in 1531.
With the fall of Asirgarh, the rest of Khandesh quickly surrendered to the Mughals. Nasir Khan, the Faruqi ruler, acknowledged Babur's supremacy and accepted Mughal suzerainty. Khandesh became a part of the expanding Mughal Empire, adding to Babur's territorial conquests in India.
Significance:
The annexation of Khandesh to the Mughal Empire further strengthened Babur's hold over the Deccan region. It provided the Mughals with a strategic base for future campaigns and helped in consolidating their power in the Indian subcontinent. The conquest of Khandesh also showcased Babur's military prowess and his ability to expand his empire beyond the northern regions of India.
Overall, the annexation of Khandesh by Babur played a significant role in shaping the early Mughal Empire and setting the stage for further expansion under his successors, including Akbar, who would go on to establish one of the greatest empires in Indian history.
Khandesh, a region located in present-day Maharashtra, India, was annexed to the Mughal Empire by Babur, the founder of the Mughal dynasty. This annexation took place during Babur's expansionist campaigns in the early 16th century.
Background:
Khandesh was a region ruled by the Faruqi dynasty, which was a part of the Bahmani Sultanate. The Bahmani Sultanate had fragmented into several smaller states, including Khandesh, due to internal conflicts and power struggles. The Faruqi dynasty, led by Nasir Khan, ruled Khandesh as an independent kingdom.
Babur's Campaigns:
Babur, who had already established his rule in parts of Central Asia, invaded India with the aim of expanding his empire. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 and established the Mughal Empire.
After consolidating his hold over Delhi and Agra, Babur turned his attention towards the Deccan region, which included Khandesh. In 1529, Babur launched a campaign against the Faruqi dynasty in Khandesh.
Conquest of Khandesh:
Babur's forces, led by his son Humayun, besieged the fortress of Asirgarh, a strategic stronghold in Khandesh. The fort, situated on a hill, was well-fortified and defended by the Faruqi army. However, after a prolonged siege, the Mughal forces managed to breach the defenses and capture the fort in 1531.
With the fall of Asirgarh, the rest of Khandesh quickly surrendered to the Mughals. Nasir Khan, the Faruqi ruler, acknowledged Babur's supremacy and accepted Mughal suzerainty. Khandesh became a part of the expanding Mughal Empire, adding to Babur's territorial conquests in India.
Significance:
The annexation of Khandesh to the Mughal Empire further strengthened Babur's hold over the Deccan region. It provided the Mughals with a strategic base for future campaigns and helped in consolidating their power in the Indian subcontinent. The conquest of Khandesh also showcased Babur's military prowess and his ability to expand his empire beyond the northern regions of India.
Overall, the annexation of Khandesh by Babur played a significant role in shaping the early Mughal Empire and setting the stage for further expansion under his successors, including Akbar, who would go on to establish one of the greatest empires in Indian history.
Which one of the following cities was known in Delhi asBalghakpur or the city of rebellion?- a)Sonargaon
- b)Jaunpur
- c)Lakhnauti
- d)Ahmedabad
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following cities was known in Delhi asBalghakpur or the city of rebellion?
a)
Sonargaon
b)
Jaunpur
c)
Lakhnauti
d)
Ahmedabad
|
|
Arshiya Kulkarni answered |
The city of rebellion, known as Balghakpur, was Lakhnauti.
Lakhnauti was an ancient city located in Bengal, which is now present-day Bangladesh. It was one of the most important cities during the medieval period and served as the capital of the Bengal region for several centuries.
Lakhnauti: The City of Rebellion
During the Delhi Sultanate period, Lakhnauti gained a reputation as a city of rebellion due to its frequent uprisings against the Delhi Sultanate. The people of Lakhnauti resisted the authority of the Delhi Sultanate and often revolted against their rule.
Reasons for Rebellion
There were several reasons for the rebellious nature of Lakhnauti:
1. Geographical Location: Lakhnauti was strategically located at the confluence of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, making it a significant trading center. Its proximity to the river made it a vital port city and a hub for maritime trade. The wealth and prosperity of the city attracted the attention of the Delhi Sultanate, leading to conflicts and resistance.
2. Economic Exploitation: The Delhi Sultanate imposed heavy taxes and levies on the people of Lakhnauti, causing economic hardships. The local population often rebelled against these oppressive measures and sought to protect their economic interests.
3. Cultural Differences: Lakhnauti had a distinct cultural identity, influenced by the indigenous Bengali culture. The imposition of the Delhi Sultanate's cultural norms and practices, including language and religion, led to resistance and a desire to preserve their own cultural heritage.
Impact of Rebellion
The rebellions in Lakhnauti had a significant impact on the region:
1. Political Instability: The frequent uprisings and rebellions created political instability in the region. The Delhi Sultanate struggled to maintain control over Lakhnauti, leading to a constant state of unrest.
2. Independence Movements: The rebellious nature of Lakhnauti inspired other regions in Bengal to rise against the Delhi Sultanate. The resistance movements played a crucial role in shaping the history of Bengal.
3. Cultural Resilience: The resistance against the Delhi Sultanate helped in preserving the cultural identity of the people of Lakhnauti. It allowed them to maintain their unique traditions, language, and way of life.
In conclusion, Lakhnauti, also known as Balghakpur, was the city of rebellion in Delhi. Its strategic location, economic exploitation, and cultural differences led to frequent uprisings against the Delhi Sultanate. The resistance movements in Lakhnauti played a significant role in shaping the history of Bengal and preserving its cultural heritage.
Lakhnauti was an ancient city located in Bengal, which is now present-day Bangladesh. It was one of the most important cities during the medieval period and served as the capital of the Bengal region for several centuries.
Lakhnauti: The City of Rebellion
During the Delhi Sultanate period, Lakhnauti gained a reputation as a city of rebellion due to its frequent uprisings against the Delhi Sultanate. The people of Lakhnauti resisted the authority of the Delhi Sultanate and often revolted against their rule.
Reasons for Rebellion
There were several reasons for the rebellious nature of Lakhnauti:
1. Geographical Location: Lakhnauti was strategically located at the confluence of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, making it a significant trading center. Its proximity to the river made it a vital port city and a hub for maritime trade. The wealth and prosperity of the city attracted the attention of the Delhi Sultanate, leading to conflicts and resistance.
2. Economic Exploitation: The Delhi Sultanate imposed heavy taxes and levies on the people of Lakhnauti, causing economic hardships. The local population often rebelled against these oppressive measures and sought to protect their economic interests.
3. Cultural Differences: Lakhnauti had a distinct cultural identity, influenced by the indigenous Bengali culture. The imposition of the Delhi Sultanate's cultural norms and practices, including language and religion, led to resistance and a desire to preserve their own cultural heritage.
Impact of Rebellion
The rebellions in Lakhnauti had a significant impact on the region:
1. Political Instability: The frequent uprisings and rebellions created political instability in the region. The Delhi Sultanate struggled to maintain control over Lakhnauti, leading to a constant state of unrest.
2. Independence Movements: The rebellious nature of Lakhnauti inspired other regions in Bengal to rise against the Delhi Sultanate. The resistance movements played a crucial role in shaping the history of Bengal.
3. Cultural Resilience: The resistance against the Delhi Sultanate helped in preserving the cultural identity of the people of Lakhnauti. It allowed them to maintain their unique traditions, language, and way of life.
In conclusion, Lakhnauti, also known as Balghakpur, was the city of rebellion in Delhi. Its strategic location, economic exploitation, and cultural differences led to frequent uprisings against the Delhi Sultanate. The resistance movements in Lakhnauti played a significant role in shaping the history of Bengal and preserving its cultural heritage.
The most famous sultan of Gujarat was- a)Zafar Shah
- b)Ahmad Shah
- c)Muhammad Begarha
- d)Hoshang Shah
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The most famous sultan of Gujarat was
a)
Zafar Shah
b)
Ahmad Shah
c)
Muhammad Begarha
d)
Hoshang Shah
|
|
Prerna Ahuja answered |
Muhammad Begarha was the most famous sultan of Gujarat. He ruled from 1451 to 1458 and is known for his administrative and military achievements during his short reign. Let us discuss in detail why Muhammad Begarha is considered the most famous sultan of Gujarat.
1. Administrative Reforms:
Muhammad Begarha implemented several administrative reforms that helped in strengthening the governance of Gujarat. He established a strong central administration and introduced efficient revenue collection systems. Begarha was also known for his fair and just rule, which gained him popularity among the people.
2. Economic Development:
Under Begarha's reign, Gujarat witnessed significant economic growth. He encouraged trade and commerce by improving the infrastructure and building ports. The city of Cambay (now Khambhat) became a major center for international trade during his rule. Begarha also promoted the textile industry, which helped in boosting the economy of Gujarat.
3. Patronage of Arts and Literature:
Muhammad Begarha was a great patron of arts and literature. He supported scholars, poets, and artists, which led to the flourishing of the cultural scene in Gujarat. Renowned poets like Malik Muhammad Jayasi and Abdul Rahim Khankhana were part of his court. Begarha himself was a poet and composed poetry under the pen name "Begarha."
4. Military Achievements:
Begarha was a skilled military strategist and successfully defended Gujarat against external threats. He repelled attacks from the Bahmani Sultanate and successfully defended his kingdom. His military campaigns also extended Gujarat's influence in the neighboring regions.
5. Architectural Contributions:
Muhammad Begarha was also known for his architectural contributions. He commissioned the construction of several mosques, palaces, and tombs. The Jama Masjid in Ahmedabad, built during his reign, is a testament to his architectural patronage.
In conclusion, Muhammad Begarha's administrative reforms, economic development, patronage of arts and literature, military achievements, and architectural contributions make him the most famous sultan of Gujarat. His reign marked a period of prosperity and cultural growth in the region.
1. Administrative Reforms:
Muhammad Begarha implemented several administrative reforms that helped in strengthening the governance of Gujarat. He established a strong central administration and introduced efficient revenue collection systems. Begarha was also known for his fair and just rule, which gained him popularity among the people.
2. Economic Development:
Under Begarha's reign, Gujarat witnessed significant economic growth. He encouraged trade and commerce by improving the infrastructure and building ports. The city of Cambay (now Khambhat) became a major center for international trade during his rule. Begarha also promoted the textile industry, which helped in boosting the economy of Gujarat.
3. Patronage of Arts and Literature:
Muhammad Begarha was a great patron of arts and literature. He supported scholars, poets, and artists, which led to the flourishing of the cultural scene in Gujarat. Renowned poets like Malik Muhammad Jayasi and Abdul Rahim Khankhana were part of his court. Begarha himself was a poet and composed poetry under the pen name "Begarha."
4. Military Achievements:
Begarha was a skilled military strategist and successfully defended Gujarat against external threats. He repelled attacks from the Bahmani Sultanate and successfully defended his kingdom. His military campaigns also extended Gujarat's influence in the neighboring regions.
5. Architectural Contributions:
Muhammad Begarha was also known for his architectural contributions. He commissioned the construction of several mosques, palaces, and tombs. The Jama Masjid in Ahmedabad, built during his reign, is a testament to his architectural patronage.
In conclusion, Muhammad Begarha's administrative reforms, economic development, patronage of arts and literature, military achievements, and architectural contributions make him the most famous sultan of Gujarat. His reign marked a period of prosperity and cultural growth in the region.
Which one of the following statements about the Sharaqi kingdom of Jaunpur is not correct?- a)The Sharaqi rulers successfully prevented the rulers of Bengal in extending their control over eastern U.P.
- b)The Sharaqi rulers were great patrons of learning and culture.
- c)In the field of architecture, the sultans created a magnificient style of their own marked by lofty gates and huge arches.
- d)The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for more than a century.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following statements about the Sharaqi kingdom of Jaunpur is not correct?
a)
The Sharaqi rulers successfully prevented the rulers of Bengal in extending their control over eastern U.P.
b)
The Sharaqi rulers were great patrons of learning and culture.
c)
In the field of architecture, the sultans created a magnificient style of their own marked by lofty gates and huge arches.
d)
The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for more than a century.
|
|
Prasad Chatterjee answered |
The Sharaqi kingdom of Jaunpur was a medieval Indian kingdom that existed from 1394 to 1479 in the region of present-day Uttar Pradesh. It was founded by Malik Sarwar, a nobleman of the Tughlaq dynasty, who declared independence from Delhi. The Sharaqi rulers played a significant role in shaping the political, cultural, and architectural landscape of the region during their rule.
Explanation:
The correct answer is option 'D' - The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for more than a century.
- The Sharaqi rulers successfully prevented the rulers of Bengal from extending their control over eastern U.P.: The Sharaqi rulers were able to fend off the attempts by the rulers of Bengal to expand their influence into eastern Uttar Pradesh. This demonstrates their ability to defend their territory and maintain their independence.
- The Sharaqi rulers were great patrons of learning and culture: The Sharaqi dynasty was known for its patronage of learning and culture. They established several educational institutions, including madrasas and libraries, which attracted scholars from different parts of the Islamic world. The court of the Sharaqi sultans became a center of intellectual and artistic activity, attracting poets, scholars, and artisans.
- In the field of architecture, the sultans created a magnificent style of their own marked by lofty gates and huge arches: The Sharaqi rulers made significant contributions to the field of architecture. They built grand structures, including mosques, tombs, and palaces, which were characterized by their unique style. The use of lofty gates and huge arches became a distinctive feature of Sharaqi architecture.
- The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for more than a century: This statement is incorrect. The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for approximately 85 years, from 1394 to 1479. It was eventually overthrown by Bahlul Khan Lodi, the founder of the Lodi dynasty, who established his rule over Jaunpur.
In conclusion, the correct statement about the Sharaqi kingdom of Jaunpur is that the Sharaqi Sultanate did not last for more than a century.
Explanation:
The correct answer is option 'D' - The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for more than a century.
- The Sharaqi rulers successfully prevented the rulers of Bengal from extending their control over eastern U.P.: The Sharaqi rulers were able to fend off the attempts by the rulers of Bengal to expand their influence into eastern Uttar Pradesh. This demonstrates their ability to defend their territory and maintain their independence.
- The Sharaqi rulers were great patrons of learning and culture: The Sharaqi dynasty was known for its patronage of learning and culture. They established several educational institutions, including madrasas and libraries, which attracted scholars from different parts of the Islamic world. The court of the Sharaqi sultans became a center of intellectual and artistic activity, attracting poets, scholars, and artisans.
- In the field of architecture, the sultans created a magnificent style of their own marked by lofty gates and huge arches: The Sharaqi rulers made significant contributions to the field of architecture. They built grand structures, including mosques, tombs, and palaces, which were characterized by their unique style. The use of lofty gates and huge arches became a distinctive feature of Sharaqi architecture.
- The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for more than a century: This statement is incorrect. The Sharaqi Sultanate lasted for approximately 85 years, from 1394 to 1479. It was eventually overthrown by Bahlul Khan Lodi, the founder of the Lodi dynasty, who established his rule over Jaunpur.
In conclusion, the correct statement about the Sharaqi kingdom of Jaunpur is that the Sharaqi Sultanate did not last for more than a century.
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