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All questions of Class 10 Geography for UPSC CSE Exam

Which of the following statements is true about the term Resources?
  • a)
    Resources are free gifts of nature
  • b)
    They are the functions of human activities
  • c)
     All those things which are found in nature 
  • d)
    Things which cannot be used to fulfil our needs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Rana answered
Correct option is B. They are the functions of human activities.  
Resources are the functions of human activities. They are everything available in the environment that can be used to satisfy our needs.
No, the above statement is false as they are not free gifts of nature as resources are a function of human activities and they transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.

Air transport was nationalised in the year
  • a)
    1948
  • b)
    1953
  • c)
    1970
  • d)
    1960
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
  • Aviation in India is nationalised in the year 1953 on August 1.
  • Air India International to provide long distance International Services, was formed on 15th June 1953 and took over the nine air transport companies with effect from 1st August 1953. 

Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised
  • a)
    Renewable
  • b)
    Developed
  • c)
    National
  • d)
    Potential
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Vivek Rana answered
The resources which are found in a region but have not been utilized are called “potential resources”. These resources can be used in the future.

Name the country with the largest reserve of iron ore.
  • a)
    Canada
  • b)
    France
  • c)
    Russia
  • d)
    India
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Poonam Reddy answered
Obviously Russia , far East region of Russia has many minerals , natural gas etc .Recently India PM visited the far East region .China also visited the region and Russia also proposed a 4000km natural gas pipe line to eastern China recently.

Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore?
  • a)
    Renewable
  • b)
    Biotic
  • c)
    Flow
  • d)
    Non-renewable
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Sharma answered
A nonrenewable resource is a substance that is being used up more quickly than it can replace itself. Its supply is finite. Most fossil fuels, minerals, and metal ores are nonrenewable resources.

Assertion: Rice is grown in plains of the north.
Reason: Due to high rainfall i.e. more than 100cm.
  • a)
    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  • b)
    A is correct but R is wrong
  • c)
    Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • d)
    A is wrong but R is correct
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Rana answered
Explanation: While it's true that rice is grown in the plains of the north, the reason isn't solely due to high rainfall. Rice cultivation requires a lot of water, but it also depends on temperature, soil type, and availability of labor. Moreover, rice is also grown in regions with less rainfall with the help of irrigation. Therefore, while rainfall is a factor, it's not the sole or primary reason for rice cultivation in the northern plains.

Resources which are surveyed and their quantity and quality have been determined for utilisation are known as  
  • a)
    Potential resources
  • b)
    Stock
  • c)
    Developed resources
  • d)
    Reserves
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
Developed resources are the one which is developed and surveyed for utilization and currently in use. They are also called actual resources.
Example: Petroleum and liquid gas in Bombay High in Maharashtra.

Which one of the following is not a land means of transport?
  • a)
    Roadways
  • b)
    Airways
  • c)
    Railways
  • d)
    Pipelines
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anisha kapoor answered
Explanation:
Airways is not a land means of transport. Here is the detailed explanation:

Land means of transport:
Land means of transport refer to the various modes of transportation that operate on land. These modes are used to transport people, goods, and materials from one place to another within the same country or region. The main land means of transport are:

1. Roadways: Roadways refer to the system of roads and highways that are used for transportation by vehicles like cars, buses, trucks, and motorcycles. Roadways are the most common and widely used means of land transport.

2. Railways: Railways are a mode of transport consisting of a network of tracks along which trains travel. Railways are used for both passenger and freight transport. Trains run on tracks and are powered by locomotives.

3. Pipelines: Pipelines are used to transport liquids or gases. They are long, cylindrical structures that transport materials through them. Pipelines are commonly used for transporting oil, gas, and water over long distances.

Airways:
Airways, on the other hand, are not a land means of transport. Airways refer to the system of transportation by aircraft. Airplanes and helicopters are used for transporting people and goods through the air. Unlike roadways, railways, and pipelines, airways do not operate on land but in the air.

Summary:
In summary, the correct answer is option 'B' - Airways. Airways are not a land means of transport as they operate in the air rather than on land. Roadways, railways, and pipelines are all examples of land means of transport.

Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
  • a)
    Replenishable
  • b)
    Human-made
  • c)
    Abiotic
  • d)
    Non-recyclable
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Vikram Kapoor answered
Tidal energy is replenishable energy.
Replenishable resources are capable of being used over and over again and are capable of regeneration.
They are inexhaustible resources and their quantity is vast, unlimited.
Example: water, wind, plant.

The resources of ownership are
  • a)
    plantation
  • b)
    pasture land
  • c)
    ponds
  • d)
    all of the above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ananya Das answered
Plantation belongs to community or individual resources
Pasture land and ponds also come under community resources.
There are the 4 categories in which the resources are distributed according to ownership:
  • Individual 
  • Community 
  • National 
  • International

Grapes are mainly produced in the state of
  • a)
    Meghalaya
  • b)
    Himachal Pradesh
  • c)
    Mizoram
  • d)
    Andhra Pradesh
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Avinash Patel answered
The top Grapes producing states include Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Mizoram. The most grown variety of grapes is Thompson Seedless and its clones. The grapes varieties which have been given GI(Geographical indications) protection are Nashik Grapes and Bangalore Blue Grapes.

Which of the following crops are grown with the onset of monsoons and are harvested in the months of September-October?  
  • a)
    Rabi
  • b)
    Kharif
  • c)
    Zaid
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

These crops are typically sown in June, during the initial period of monsoon and harvested by September. Hence, Kharif crops are also called monsoon crops.

On the basis of its origin, resources can be classified into
  • a)
    renewable and non-renewable
  • b)
    continuous and biological
  • c)
    biotic and abiotic
  • d)
    recyclable and non-recyclable
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Resources can be categorized on the basis of origin:
(i) Abiotic resources comprise non-living things (e.g., land, water, air and minerals such as gold, iron, copper, silver).
(ii) Biotic resources are obtained from the biosphere.

Rubber, Tea and coffee are ?
  • a)
    Basic industry
  • b)
    Heavy industry
  • c)
    Agro based industry D.
  • d)
    Mineral based industry
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Agro-based industries are those industries which obtain raw-material from agriculture. Cotton textile, jute textile, sugar, vegetable oil etc are representative industries of an agro-based group of industry.

Which one of the following is a Kharif crop?
  • a)
    Wheat
  • b)
    Paddy
  • c)
    Barley
  • d)
    Peas
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
 The Kharif crops include rice or paddy, maize, sorghum, pearl millet/bajra, finger millet/ragi (cereals), arhar (pulses), soybean, groundnut (oilseeds), cotton etc. 

The crops grown in Rabi season are:
  • a)
    wheat, peas, barley and mustard
  • b)
    rice, jute, maize, soybean,
  • c)
    pulses, melons, vegetables
  • d)
    sugarcane and tobacco
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
The major rabi crop in India is wheat, followed by barley, mustard, sesame and peas.
The Rabi means, when the crop is harvested. Crops that are grown in the winter season, from November to April are called Rabi Crops. Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.

Geothermal energy in Puga valley and Parvati Valley are
  • a)
    stock resources
  • b)
    developed resources
  • c)
    reserve resources
  • d)
    potential resources
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Naina Sharma answered
The geothermal energy in Puga valley and Parvati Valley are considered as developed resources because these are the resources that are identified. They are well developed and are being used in the present.

Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year is called
  • a)
    Culturable wasteland
  • b)
    Current fallow land
  • c)
    Wasteland
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Kumar answered
Land left without cultivation for one or less than one year is called as current fallow. This is a natural process where land is given rest to gain its lost fertility naturally.

Some examples of minerals are given below, pick out the one that is not a metallic mineral
  • a)
    Bauxite
  • b)
    Gold 
  • c)
    Iron Ore
  • d)
    Limestone
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajesh Khatri answered
The metal ores itself can be considered as a mineral. Some common metal minerals include Iron, Copper, Gold, Silver, etc. Non-Metallic Minerals do not contain metal elements in their inorganic chemical formula. Some common examples include; Clay, Diamond, Dolomite, Gypsum, Mica, Amethyst and Quartz, etc.

Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
  • a)
    Intensive cultivation
  • b)
    Over irrigation
  • c)
    Deforestation
  • d)
    Overgrazing
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Over irrigation is the main cause for land degradation in Punjab. The major cause of land degradation in punjab is "flooding or Over irrigation"

The primary source of water is
  • a)
    evaporation
  • b)
    precipitation
  • c)
    river
  • d)
    none of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
There are two main sources of water: surface water and groundwater. Surface Water is found in lakes, rivers, and reservoirs. Groundwater lies under the surface of the land, where it travels through and fills openings in the rocks. The rocks that store and transmit groundwater are called aquifers.

‘Slash and burn’ agriculture is a
  • a)
    Shifting agriculture
  • b)
    Intensive agriculture
  • c)
    Commercial agriculture
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Slash and burn agriculture is a widely used method of growing food in which wild or forested land is clear cut and any remaining vegetation burned. The resulting layer of ash provides the newly-cleared land with a nutrient-rich layer to help fertilize crops.

What is the name given to the species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur:-
  • a)
    Endemic species
  • b)
    Rare species
  • c)
    Endangered species
  • d)
    Extinct species
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Extinct Species: Furthermore, there are some extinct species. This includes species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur. For example, the Asiatic cheetah, pink head duck etc.

Which one of the following soils is ideal for growing cotton?  
  • a)
    Regur soil
  • b)
    Laterite soil
  • c)
    Desert soil
  • d)
    Mountainous soil
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ananya Das answered
Regur soil which is also known as cotton soil.
It is ideal for the growth of cotton because of the following reasons:
(i) Black soil is clayey in nature.
(ii) It contains a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates.
(iii) It isFertile
(iv) It have high moisture holding capacity.

Agriculture contributes_________ to the national income of India.
  • a)
    33 %
  • b)
    22 %
  • c)
    40 %
  • d)
    none of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Avinash Patel answered
Agriculture is an important sector of Indian economy as it contributes about 17% to the total GDP and provides employment to over 60% of the population.

In which one of the following states is terrace Cultivacation practised?  
  • a)
    Punjab
  • b)
    Plains of Uttar Pradesh
  • c)
    Haryana
  • d)
    Uttarakhand
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
Rice and other crops are grown on the terraces. Hilly areas use this method of cultivation. The states that practice the cultivation are UttarakhandHimachal Pradesh and north-east states.

Soil is formed by the process of
  • a)
    Denudation
  • b)
    Gradation
  • c)
    Weathering
  • d)
    Erosion
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anita Menon answered
Soil minerals form the basis of soil. They are produced from rocks (parent material) through the processes of weathering.

Six Lane Highways are called
  • a)
    National Highway
  • b)
    International Highway
  • c)
    State Highway
  • d)
    Golden quadrilateral super highways
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Kumar answered
Golden quadrilateral superhighways are 6 lane roads constructed to connect main Port cities of india. they are constructed to save time and reduce the distance between the main Port cities. they connect the cities like Calcutta, delhi, mumbai,and chennai.

Assertion: Air travel is the fastest mode of travels.
Reasons: It is not within the reach of the common people.
  • a)
    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  • b)
    Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 
  • c)
    A is correct but R is wrong
  • d)
    A is wrong but R is correct
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sagar rana answered
Air transport operates at a very high speed. The high speed makes the air transport the fastest of all the other forms of transport. People can reach the destination in very less time. Air transport is suitable to carry passengers who want lot of comfort and convenience. 
Air travel is relatively more expensive than transports as it is not within the reach of the common people.

Where was the first international Earth Summit held?
  • a)
    Rio de Janeiro
  • b)
    Geneva
  • c)
    Switzerland
  • d)
    Philippines
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Naina Sharma answered
First Earth summit which is also called as United Nations conference on environment and development was held in the year 1992 on 14th June. It was held in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.

Which options are true for dams?
  • a)
    They check the sediment flow in rivers
  • b)
    both a and d
  • c)
    Dams have not helped provide ample water for agriculture
  • d)
    Dams have helped in power generation
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Dams are huge water retaining structures. These are used to store water. During the season of low rainfall, the storage water can be used for agricultural purposes. This stored water is also helpful in case of fish agriculture. Due two huge storage of water, it passes down to underground water streams and increases the water level. Subsequently this increased water level increases the water content in Wells of nearby villages

It is predicated that nearly 2 billion people will live in absolute water scarcity in the year of – 
  • a)
    2015
  • b)
    2020
  • c)
    2025
  • d)
    2030
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Sharma answered
Sources on earth are limited. Every region of earth can handle only a limited amount of living beings. But as our population is getting increased and increased the problem of exploitation of resources and the scarcity of these will come obviously. Therefore a prediction is made of year 2025.

Which one of the following means of transport is used for carrying solids in a slurry form?
  • a)
    Trucks
  • b)
    Railways
  • c)
    Pipelines
  • d)
    Ships
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

  • Solids can be transported in slurry form through pipelines.
  • slurry pipeline is a specially engineered pipeline used to move ores, such as coal or iron, or mining waste, called tailings, over long distances.
  • A mixture of the ore concentrate and water, called slurry, is pumped to its destination and the water is filtered out.

Which of the following resources is renewable?
  • a)
    Minerals
  • b)
    Solar energy
  • c)
    Fossil fuels
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Sharma answered
Solar energy is a renewable source of energy. This energy is derived from the Sun and produced by the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium.

Which of the following is a rabi crop?
  • a)
    Wheat
  • b)
    Paddy
  • c)
    Maize
  • d)
    Jowar
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Naina Sharma answered
Rabi season
The major rabi crop in India is wheat, followed by barley, mustard, sesame and peas. Peas are harvested early, as they are ready early: Indian markets are flooded with green peas from January to March, peaking in February.

Which place in India is ideal for utilising tidal energy?
  • a)
    Gulf of Kachchh
  • b)
    Gulf of Khambhat
  • c)
    Both A and B
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Arshiya Mehta answered
In India, the Gulf of Kachchh, provides ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy. A 900 mw tidal energy power plant is set up here by the National Hydropower Corporation.

The first & the only state in India which has made Roof Top Rain water Harvesting Structured compulsory to all the across the state is – 
  • a)
    Karnataka
  • b)
    Tamil Nadu
  • c)
    Kerala
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Kumar answered
Its tamil nadu. as we know that the western ghats recieves a preety good rainfall and due to which tamil nadu govt. enforced citizens to develop rainwater harvesting system in their house.

The most widespread relief feature of India is
  • a)
    Mountains
  • b)
    Forests
  • c)
    Plains
  • d)
    Plateaus
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
Plains are spread almost 3,200 km and mountains around 2400 km. Plateaus and forest are less spread.

How many species of Fauna are found in India till today? 
  • a)
    81000
  • b)
    47000
  • c)
    15000
  • d)
    None of them
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Raghav Bansal answered
Nearly 1,500 plant species are considered endangered. Over 81,000 species of fauna and 47,000 species of flora are found in this country so far. Of the estimated 47,000 plant species, about 15,000 flowering species are endemic (indigenous) to India.

Border Roads are constructed by
  • a)
    CRPF
  • b)
    BSF
  • c)
    Indian Army
  • d)
    BRO
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
The BRO operates and maintains over 32,885 kilometers of roads and about 12,200 meters of permanent bridges in the country.

Which mineral is used for generating atomic or nuclear power? 
  • a)
    Coal
  • b)
    Bauxite
  • c)
    Uranium
  • d)
    Copper
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Alok Verma answered
C is the correct option.Uranium and Thorium, which are available in Jharkhand and the Aravalli ranges of Rajasthan are used for generating atomic or nuclear power. The Monazite sands of Kerala is also rich in Thorium.

Roof top rainwater harvesting is the most common practice in- 
  • a)
    Shillong
  • b)
    Guwahati
  • c)
    Imphal
  • d)
    Patna
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

To answer the question, it is important to understand the concept of rooftop rainwater harvesting and the geographical conditions of the mentioned cities.

Rooftop rainwater harvesting is a method of collecting and storing rainwater that falls on rooftops for later use. It involves collecting rainwater from the rooftops, filtering it to remove any impurities, and storing it in tanks or underground reservoirs for various purposes such as irrigation, household use, or groundwater recharge.

Now, let's analyze the given options and determine why Shillong is the most common practice for rooftop rainwater harvesting:

1. Shillong:
Shillong, the capital city of Meghalaya, is known for its abundant rainfall throughout the year. The city experiences heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, which makes it an ideal location for rooftop rainwater harvesting. The hilly terrain and sloping roofs in Shillong facilitate the easy collection of rainwater. Moreover, due to the scarcity of water in certain areas of the city, the practice of rainwater harvesting has gained significant popularity among the residents.

2. Guwahati:
Guwahati, the largest city in Assam, also receives a substantial amount of rainfall. However, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is not as common as in Shillong. The reasons for this could be the geographical layout of the city, the availability of alternative water sources, or the lack of awareness and promotion of rainwater harvesting techniques.

3. Imphal:
Imphal, the capital city of Manipur, also experiences a good amount of rainfall. However, rooftop rainwater harvesting is not widely practiced here. Similar to Guwahati, the reasons could be related to the geographical conditions, lack of awareness, or the availability of other water sources.

4. Patna:
Patna, the capital city of Bihar, receives moderate rainfall. While rainwater harvesting is not entirely uncommon in Patna, it is not as prevalent as in Shillong. The city's flat terrain and lack of awareness about rainwater harvesting techniques might explain the lower adoption rate.

Therefore, based on the given options, Shillong is the most common practice for rooftop rainwater harvesting. The combination of heavy rainfall, hilly terrain, and increased awareness about the importance of water conservation has made rooftop rainwater harvesting a popular choice among the residents of Shillong.

Everything available in our environment to satisfy our needs is termed as
  • a)
    natural vegetation
  • b)
    resources
  • c)
    natural vegetation
  • d)
    none of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, its technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as resource.

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