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All questions of Genetic Technology for Grade 12 Exam
The sequence of the 5’ and 3’ primers for the following DNA sequence will be:
5’ AATGCGGCAATCGAGTC3’
3’ TTACGCCGTTAGCTCCAG5’- a)5’ TTACG 3’, 5’ CTGAG 3’
- b)5’ AATGC 3’, 5’ TTACG 3’
- c)5’ AATGC 3’, 5’ GACTC 3’
- d)5’ AGTC 3’ , 5’ TCAG 3’
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The sequence of the 5’ and 3’ primers for the following DNA sequence will be:
5’ AATGCGGCAATCGAGTC3’
3’ TTACGCCGTTAGCTCCAG5’
5’ AATGCGGCAATCGAGTC3’
3’ TTACGCCGTTAGCTCCAG5’
a)
5’ TTACG 3’, 5’ CTGAG 3’
b)
5’ AATGC 3’, 5’ TTACG 3’
c)
5’ AATGC 3’, 5’ GACTC 3’
d)
5’ AGTC 3’ , 5’ TCAG 3’
|
Arnav Iyer answered |
The sequence of the 5’ and 3’ primers for the given DNA sequence will be 5’ AATGC 3’, 5’ GACTC 3’.
Which one is called molecular scissors?a) Endocrine
b) Ribonucleasec) Restriction enzymesd) ExonucleaseCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
|
Lavanya Menon answered |
Restriction enzymes are also called 'molecular scissors' as they cleave DNA at or near specific recognition sequences known as restriction sites. These enzymes make one incision on each of the two strands of DNA and are also called restriction endonucleases.
During agarose gel, electrophoresis DNA fragments move towards the anode. This is because _________.
- a)Anode is negatively charged.
- b)DNA moves in random direction.
- c)DNA is negatively charged molecules.
- d)DNA is positively charged molecules.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
During agarose gel, electrophoresis DNA fragments move towards the anode. This is because _________.
a)
Anode is negatively charged.
b)
DNA moves in random direction.
c)
DNA is negatively charged molecules.
d)
DNA is positively charged molecules.
|
Abhishek Choudhary answered |
- In gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules moves towards positively charged anode because DNA is negatively charged molecules.
- The molecules separate out due to difference in molecular weight.
The group of letters that form same words when read both forward and backward are called?- a)Palindrome
- b)Puzzle
- c)Endonucleases
- d)Sticky ends
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The group of letters that form same words when read both forward and backward are called?
a)
Palindrome
b)
Puzzle
c)
Endonucleases
d)
Sticky ends
|
Pooja Saha answered |
The groups of letters that form same words when read both forward and backward are called Palindrome. For example MALYALAM which read same from both side.
Insertional inactivation helps in- a)X-gal breakdown
- b)Identification of recombinant clones
- c)Ampicillin resistance
- d)Functioning of B-galactosidase
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Insertional inactivation helps in
a)
X-gal breakdown
b)
Identification of recombinant clones
c)
Ampicillin resistance
d)
Functioning of B-galactosidase
|
Bhargavi Choudhary answered |
Insertional inactivation is a technique used in molecular biology to identify recombinant clones. It involves the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment into a plasmid vector, which disrupts the function of a selectable marker gene. This results in the loss of the ability of the host cell to grow on a selective medium containing the corresponding antibiotic.
Mechanism
The mechanism of insertional inactivation involves the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment into a plasmid vector, which disrupts the function of a selectable marker gene. The selectable marker gene is usually a gene that confers resistance to an antibiotic, such as ampicillin. The disruption of this gene results in the loss of the ability of the host cell to grow on a selective medium containing the corresponding antibiotic. This allows for the identification of recombinant clones that have taken up the plasmid vector with the foreign DNA fragment.
Applications
Insertional inactivation is commonly used in molecular biology to identify recombinant clones. It is particularly useful in the construction of cDNA libraries and the screening of genomic DNA libraries for specific genes. It can also be used to study gene expression and regulation, as well as for the production of recombinant proteins.
Conclusion
In conclusion, insertional inactivation is a useful technique in molecular biology for identifying recombinant clones. It involves the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment into a plasmid vector, which disrupts the function of a selectable marker gene. This results in the loss of the ability of the host cell to grow on a selective medium containing the corresponding antibiotic, allowing for the identification of recombinant clones that have taken up the plasmid vector with the foreign DNA fragment.
Mechanism
The mechanism of insertional inactivation involves the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment into a plasmid vector, which disrupts the function of a selectable marker gene. The selectable marker gene is usually a gene that confers resistance to an antibiotic, such as ampicillin. The disruption of this gene results in the loss of the ability of the host cell to grow on a selective medium containing the corresponding antibiotic. This allows for the identification of recombinant clones that have taken up the plasmid vector with the foreign DNA fragment.
Applications
Insertional inactivation is commonly used in molecular biology to identify recombinant clones. It is particularly useful in the construction of cDNA libraries and the screening of genomic DNA libraries for specific genes. It can also be used to study gene expression and regulation, as well as for the production of recombinant proteins.
Conclusion
In conclusion, insertional inactivation is a useful technique in molecular biology for identifying recombinant clones. It involves the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment into a plasmid vector, which disrupts the function of a selectable marker gene. This results in the loss of the ability of the host cell to grow on a selective medium containing the corresponding antibiotic, allowing for the identification of recombinant clones that have taken up the plasmid vector with the foreign DNA fragment.
Having two antibiotic resistant genes in the same plasmid- a)two antibiotics add to the effect for selection
- b)helps in identifying transformants
- c)one antibiotic does not gives the sufficient result
- d)one antibiotic may not be functional
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Having two antibiotic resistant genes in the same plasmid
a)
two antibiotics add to the effect for selection
b)
helps in identifying transformants
c)
one antibiotic does not gives the sufficient result
d)
one antibiotic may not be functional
|
Ved Patidar answered |
In general genes that confer resistance to various antibiotics are used as selective marker in cloning vectors.
Enzymes used to join foreign DNA to plasmid is______.- a)Nucleases
- b)Ligases
- c)Endonucleases
- d)Pectinases
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Enzymes used to join foreign DNA to plasmid is______.
a)
Nucleases
b)
Ligases
c)
Endonucleases
d)
Pectinases
|
Dipanjan Chawla answered |
The Enzymes used to join foreign DNA to plasmid is ligases. The plasmid of bacteria replicate this DNA strands along with other which can be further transferred to target cells.
The smallest bands in the agarose gel will be towards- a)Wells
- b)Middle of the gel
- c)Cathode
- d)Anode
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The smallest bands in the agarose gel will be towards
a)
Wells
b)
Middle of the gel
c)
Cathode
d)
Anode
|
Sonal Kulkarni answered |
Gel electrophoresis technique involves separation of different segments of DNA according to their size. The smallest bands in the agarose gel will be towards positively charged anode.
The particles used to coat with DNA in Biolistic gun is of- a)Tungsten
- b)Zinc
- c)Helium
- d)Quartz
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The particles used to coat with DNA in Biolistic gun is of
a)
Tungsten
b)
Zinc
c)
Helium
d)
Quartz
|
Ayush Choudhury answered |
DNA is coated with tungsten before used in biolistic gun for inserting the DNA directly into target cells for obtaining particular protein.
Rop genes in pBR322 codes for______.- a)Tetracycline resistance
- b)Antibiotic resistance
- c)Proteins involved in replication of plasmid
- d)Ampicillin resistance
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Rop genes in pBR322 codes for______.
a)
Tetracycline resistance
b)
Antibiotic resistance
c)
Proteins involved in replication of plasmid
d)
Ampicillin resistance
|
Yash Saha answered |
Rop genes in pBR322 codes for protein involved in replication of plasmid. Plasmid are able to take the foreign gene and to be transferred to target cells.
Origin of replication is the specific DNA sequence on chromosome that which is responsible for- a)Initiating replication
- b)Synthesis of polymerase enzyme
- c)Terminating replication
- d)All of the these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Origin of replication is the specific DNA sequence on chromosome that which is responsible for
a)
Initiating replication
b)
Synthesis of polymerase enzyme
c)
Terminating replication
d)
All of the these
|
Dilip Chaurasiya answered |
For replication of DNA their is specific seq. like TATA BOX
A bioreactor is:- a)Culture for synthesis of new chemicals
- b)Hybridoma
- c)Culture containing radioactive isotopes
- d)Fermentation tank
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
A bioreactor is:
a)
Culture for synthesis of new chemicals
b)
Hybridoma
c)
Culture containing radioactive isotopes
d)
Fermentation tank
|
Krishna Iyer answered |
Fermentation is defined more from the point of view of engineers. They see fermentation as the cultivation of high amount of microorganisms and biotransformation being carried out in special vessels called fermenter or bioreactors.
The nuclease will act on______.- a)DNA only
- b)Proteins
- c)RNA only
- d)DNA and RNA
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The nuclease will act on______.
a)
DNA only
b)
Proteins
c)
RNA only
d)
DNA and RNA
|
Arya Khanna answered |
The enzyme nuclease acts on nucleic acid DNA and RNA. This enzyme is used to hydrolyze nucleic acid.
‘R’ in EcoRI restriction endonuclease denotes- a)Strain RY13
- b)Sequence of isolation of the enzyme
- c)Species
- d)Genus
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
‘R’ in EcoRI restriction endonuclease denotes
a)
Strain RY13
b)
Sequence of isolation of the enzyme
c)
Species
d)
Genus
|
Prashanth Dasgupta answered |
EcoRI comes from Escherichia coli RY 13. In EcoRI, the letter ‘R’ is derived from the name of strain.
The technique used to produce large number of genetically identical offspring is called as______.- a)PCR
- b)Southern Blotting
- c)Northern Blotting
- d)Cloning
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The technique used to produce large number of genetically identical offspring is called as______.
a)
PCR
b)
Southern Blotting
c)
Northern Blotting
d)
Cloning
|
Nilotpal Gupta answered |
Cloning is the technique of producing large number of genetically identical offspring.
DNA can be isolated from fungi using chitinase as_______.- a)Its cell wall is made up of chitin
- b)It makes DNA soluble in the aqueous solution
- c)It carries out isolation fast
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
DNA can be isolated from fungi using chitinase as_______.
a)
Its cell wall is made up of chitin
b)
It makes DNA soluble in the aqueous solution
c)
It carries out isolation fast
d)
None of the above
|
Aman Sharma answered |
The cell of fungi is made of chitin. Chitinase enzyme can hydrolyses this and DNA can be isolated from fungi.
Phage is a______.- a)Fungi
- b)Virion
- c)Viroids
- d)Virus that infects bacteria
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Phage is a______.
a)
Fungi
b)
Virion
c)
Viroids
d)
Virus that infects bacteria
|
Aashna Mukherjee answered |
Phage is a virus that infects bacteria. Such viruses transfer their genetic materials into host bacteria and using the bacterial machinery increase in number and multiply rapidly to kill host cells.
In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their:- a)Charge only
- b)Charge to size ratio
- c)both a and b
- d)Size only
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their:
a)
Charge only
b)
Charge to size ratio
c)
both a and b
d)
Size only
|
|
Sruthi Kadambala answered |
The smaller the size the farther it moves hence depend only on the size
Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are- a)Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- b)Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage
- c)Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
- d)Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are
a)
Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
b)
Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage
c)
Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
d)
Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans
|
Anjali Iyer answered |
Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens are the microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering.
E. coli is a motile, gram negative, rod shaped bacterium which is a normal inhabitant of human colon. It is most extensively used in bacterial genetics and molecular biology.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium. It has Ti plasmid (Tumour inducing plasmid) and it can be used for the transfer of a desired gene in dicot plants.
Study the following statements regarding recombinant DNA technology and select the incorrect ones
(i) Taq polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction
(ii) Antibiotic resistance genes are considered as desirable genes in recombinant DNA technology
(iii) DNA fragments are separated according to their charge only, in agarose gel electrophoresis
(iv) Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is integrated into the genome of a host bacterium
(v) To produce higher yields of the desired protein, host cells can be multiplied in a continuous culture
(vi) Downstream processing is one of the steps of polymerase chain reaction- a)(i), (iii) and (vi)
- b)(i), (iii) and (v)
- c)(ii), (iii) and (v)
- d)(i), (iv) and (v)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Study the following statements regarding recombinant DNA technology and select the incorrect ones
(i) Taq polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction
(ii) Antibiotic resistance genes are considered as desirable genes in recombinant DNA technology
(iii) DNA fragments are separated according to their charge only, in agarose gel electrophoresis
(iv) Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is integrated into the genome of a host bacterium
(v) To produce higher yields of the desired protein, host cells can be multiplied in a continuous culture
(vi) Downstream processing is one of the steps of polymerase chain reaction
(i) Taq polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction
(ii) Antibiotic resistance genes are considered as desirable genes in recombinant DNA technology
(iii) DNA fragments are separated according to their charge only, in agarose gel electrophoresis
(iv) Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is integrated into the genome of a host bacterium
(v) To produce higher yields of the desired protein, host cells can be multiplied in a continuous culture
(vi) Downstream processing is one of the steps of polymerase chain reaction
a)
(i), (iii) and (vi)
b)
(i), (iii) and (v)
c)
(ii), (iii) and (v)
d)
(i), (iv) and (v)
|
Mira Joshi answered |
Antibiotic resistance genes are selectable markers. Desirable genes are the ones which are introduced in the vector for getting desired protein product. In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are separated according to their charge and size. After the formation of the product in a bioreactors, it undergoes through some processes before a finished product is ready for marketing. The processes include separation and purification of products which are collectively called as downstream processing.
Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.Q. The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of :- a)Ligases
- b)Restriction enzymes
- c)Probes
- d)Selectable markers.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:
The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.
Q. The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of :
a)
Ligases
b)
Restriction enzymes
c)
Probes
d)
Selectable markers.
|
Dev Patel answered |
Restriction enzymes are the molecular scissors that cut the DNA from a specific recognition site.
Which of the following is correct sequence of process of recombinant DNA technology-
i. Isolation of DNA
ii. Isolation of desired DNA fragment.
iii. Fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonuclease.
iv. Transferring of into host
v. Ligation of DNA fragment into vector
vi. Culturing in host cell to get desired product.- a)Step v, vi, iv, iii, ii and i
- b)Step i, ii, iii, iv, v and vi
- c)Step i, iii, ii, v, iv and vi
- d)Step i, iv, iii, ii, v and vi
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is correct sequence of process of recombinant DNA technology-
i. Isolation of DNA
ii. Isolation of desired DNA fragment.
iii. Fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonuclease.
iv. Transferring of into host
v. Ligation of DNA fragment into vector
vi. Culturing in host cell to get desired product.
i. Isolation of DNA
ii. Isolation of desired DNA fragment.
iii. Fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonuclease.
iv. Transferring of into host
v. Ligation of DNA fragment into vector
vi. Culturing in host cell to get desired product.
a)
Step v, vi, iv, iii, ii and i
b)
Step i, ii, iii, iv, v and vi
c)
Step i, iii, ii, v, iv and vi
d)
Step i, iv, iii, ii, v and vi
|
|
Arya Khanna answered |
The correct sequences of process of recombinant DNA technology are Isolation of DNA, fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonuclease, isolation of desired DNA fragment, ligation of DNA fragment into vector, transferring of into host and culturing in host cell to get desired product.
For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of :- a)Silver or Platinum
- b)Gold or Tungsten
- c)Silicon or Platinum
- d)Platinum or Zinc
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of :
a)
Silver or Platinum
b)
Gold or Tungsten
c)
Silicon or Platinum
d)
Platinum or Zinc
|
|
Hitakshi Tamta answered |
For gene transfer into the host cell without using vector microparticles made of tungsten and gold coated with foregin DNA are bombarded into target cells at a very high velocity. This method is called biolistics or gene gun which is suitable for plants.So the correct option is 'gold or tungsten'.
After completion of the biosynthetic stage in the bioreactors, the product undergoes separation and purification processes, collectively termed as __________.- a)Transformation
- b)Electrophoresis
- c)Downstream processing
- d)Upstream processing
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
After completion of the biosynthetic stage in the bioreactors, the product undergoes separation and purification processes, collectively termed as __________.
a)
Transformation
b)
Electrophoresis
c)
Downstream processing
d)
Upstream processing
|
|
Dev Patel answered |
After the formation of the product in bioreactors, it undergoes through some processes before a finished product is ready for marketing. The processes include separation and purification of products which is collectively called as downstream processing.
Plasmid used to construct the first recombinant DNA was isolated from which bacterium species?- a)Escherichia coli
- b)Salmonella typhimurium
- c)Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- d)Thermus aquaticus
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Plasmid used to construct the first recombinant DNA was isolated from which bacterium species?
a)
Escherichia coli
b)
Salmonella typhimurium
c)
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
d)
Thermus aquaticus
|
Riya Banerjee answered |
The first recombinant DNA was constructed by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1972. They cut the piece of DNA from a plasmid carrying antibiotic resistance gene in the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and linked it to the plasmid of Escherichia coil.
Which of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?- a)Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light
- b)DNA can be seen without staining in visible light
- c)Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light
- d)DNA can be seen in visible light
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?
a)
Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light
b)
DNA can be seen without staining in visible light
c)
Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light
d)
DNA can be seen in visible light
|
Vaishnavi Sen answered |
Visualizing DNA Molecules Separated by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a widely used technique to separate DNA molecules based on their size. The separated DNA fragments can be visualized using different methods.
Ethidium Bromide Staining and UV Light
Ethidium bromide is a commonly used fluorescent dye that intercalates into the DNA double helix and emits fluorescence under UV light. When DNA is stained with ethidium bromide and exposed to UV light, the dye binds to the DNA and fluoresces, allowing the DNA bands to be visualized.
Correct Statement
Option 'A' is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light. The other options are incorrect because DNA cannot be seen without staining in visible light, and ethidium bromide stained DNA cannot be seen in visible light. However, DNA can be seen in visible light if it is stained with other dyes such as SYBR Green.
Significance
Visualization of DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis is important in various molecular biology applications, including genomic DNA analysis, PCR product analysis, and DNA sequencing. Ethidium bromide staining and UV light visualization are the most commonly used methods due to their simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. However, the use of ethidium bromide has some safety concerns due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Therefore, alternative DNA stains such as SYBR Green and GelRed have been developed, which are safer and more environmentally friendly.
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a widely used technique to separate DNA molecules based on their size. The separated DNA fragments can be visualized using different methods.
Ethidium Bromide Staining and UV Light
Ethidium bromide is a commonly used fluorescent dye that intercalates into the DNA double helix and emits fluorescence under UV light. When DNA is stained with ethidium bromide and exposed to UV light, the dye binds to the DNA and fluoresces, allowing the DNA bands to be visualized.
Correct Statement
Option 'A' is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light. The other options are incorrect because DNA cannot be seen without staining in visible light, and ethidium bromide stained DNA cannot be seen in visible light. However, DNA can be seen in visible light if it is stained with other dyes such as SYBR Green.
Significance
Visualization of DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis is important in various molecular biology applications, including genomic DNA analysis, PCR product analysis, and DNA sequencing. Ethidium bromide staining and UV light visualization are the most commonly used methods due to their simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. However, the use of ethidium bromide has some safety concerns due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Therefore, alternative DNA stains such as SYBR Green and GelRed have been developed, which are safer and more environmentally friendly.
DNA fingerprinting can resolve:- a)Identification of a person
- b)Paternity dispute
- c)Maternity dispute
- d)All of above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
DNA fingerprinting can resolve:
a)
Identification of a person
b)
Paternity dispute
c)
Maternity dispute
d)
All of above
|
Athul Chakraborty answered |
DNA fingerprinting can resolve:
Identification of a person:
- DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.
- Every person's DNA is unique, except for identical twins, making DNA fingerprinting a highly accurate method for identification.
- By comparing DNA samples from a crime scene, for example, with the DNA profiles of suspects, forensic scientists can determine the identity of the perpetrator.
Paternity dispute:
- DNA fingerprinting can also be used to resolve paternity disputes.
- By analyzing the DNA profiles of a child and potential fathers, it is possible to determine the biological father.
- This is done by comparing specific DNA markers between the child and the potential fathers.
- If the child shares common DNA markers with a potential father that are not present in the other potential fathers, it indicates that the tested individual is the biological father.
Maternity dispute:
- Similarly, DNA fingerprinting can also be used to resolve maternity disputes.
- By analyzing DNA profiles of a child and potential mothers, it is possible to determine the biological mother.
- This is done by comparing specific DNA markers between the child and the potential mothers.
- If the child shares common DNA markers with a potential mother that are not present in the other potential mothers, it indicates that the tested individual is the biological mother.
All of the above:
- DNA fingerprinting can resolve all the mentioned scenarios: identification of a person, paternity disputes, and maternity disputes.
- This technique has revolutionized forensic science, allowing accurate identification of individuals involved in criminal activities.
- It has also played a crucial role in resolving legal disputes regarding parentage, ensuring the correct determination of biological relationships.
In conclusion, DNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool that can be used to resolve various scenarios, including the identification of individuals, determination of paternity, and resolution of maternity disputes. Its accuracy and reliability make it an indispensable technique in forensic science and legal proceedings.
Identification of a person:
- DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.
- Every person's DNA is unique, except for identical twins, making DNA fingerprinting a highly accurate method for identification.
- By comparing DNA samples from a crime scene, for example, with the DNA profiles of suspects, forensic scientists can determine the identity of the perpetrator.
Paternity dispute:
- DNA fingerprinting can also be used to resolve paternity disputes.
- By analyzing the DNA profiles of a child and potential fathers, it is possible to determine the biological father.
- This is done by comparing specific DNA markers between the child and the potential fathers.
- If the child shares common DNA markers with a potential father that are not present in the other potential fathers, it indicates that the tested individual is the biological father.
Maternity dispute:
- Similarly, DNA fingerprinting can also be used to resolve maternity disputes.
- By analyzing DNA profiles of a child and potential mothers, it is possible to determine the biological mother.
- This is done by comparing specific DNA markers between the child and the potential mothers.
- If the child shares common DNA markers with a potential mother that are not present in the other potential mothers, it indicates that the tested individual is the biological mother.
All of the above:
- DNA fingerprinting can resolve all the mentioned scenarios: identification of a person, paternity disputes, and maternity disputes.
- This technique has revolutionized forensic science, allowing accurate identification of individuals involved in criminal activities.
- It has also played a crucial role in resolving legal disputes regarding parentage, ensuring the correct determination of biological relationships.
In conclusion, DNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool that can be used to resolve various scenarios, including the identification of individuals, determination of paternity, and resolution of maternity disputes. Its accuracy and reliability make it an indispensable technique in forensic science and legal proceedings.
Assertion: The separated DNA fragments can be visualized only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation.
Reason: We can see bright red coloured bands of DNA in an ethidium bromide-stained gel exposed to UV light.- a)Both assertion and reason are correct.
- b)Assertion is correct but reason does not explain the assertion
- c)Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
- d)Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Assertion: The separated DNA fragments can be visualized only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation.
Reason: We can see bright red coloured bands of DNA in an ethidium bromide-stained gel exposed to UV light.
Reason: We can see bright red coloured bands of DNA in an ethidium bromide-stained gel exposed to UV light.
a)
Both assertion and reason are correct.
b)
Assertion is correct but reason does not explain the assertion
c)
Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
d)
Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.
|
Stepway Academy answered |
The separated DNA fragments can be visualized only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation. We can see bright orange coloured bands of DNA in aethidium bromide stained gel exposed to UV light.
Topic in NCERT: Separation and isolation of DNA fragments
Line in NCERT: "The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation (you cannot see pure DNA fragments in the visible light and without staining). You can see bright orange coloured bands of DNA in an ethidium bromide stained gel exposed to UV light."
Read statements (i)-(iv). Which of the following statements are incorrect?
(i) First transgenic buffalo Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.
(ii) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macromolecules.
(iii) Downstream processing is one of the steps of rDNA technology.
(iv) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in the transfer of rDNA into the host.- a)(ii) and (iii)
- b)(iii) and (iv)
- c)(i) and (iii)
- d)(i) and (ii)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Read statements (i)-(iv). Which of the following statements are incorrect?
(i) First transgenic buffalo Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.
(ii) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macromolecules.
(iii) Downstream processing is one of the steps of rDNA technology.
(iv) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in the transfer of rDNA into the host.
(i) First transgenic buffalo Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.
(ii) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macromolecules.
(iii) Downstream processing is one of the steps of rDNA technology.
(iv) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in the transfer of rDNA into the host.
a)
(ii) and (iii)
b)
(iii) and (iv)
c)
(i) and (iii)
d)
(i) and (ii)
|
Hansa Sharma answered |
In 1997, Rosie, the tirst transgenic cow was engineered to produce milk enriched with a human protein called alpha-lactalbumin, making it nutritionally more balanced. Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sites.
If a plasmid vector is digested with EcoRI at a single site, then- a)One sticky ends will be produced
- b)Two sticky ends will be produced
- c)Four sticky ends will be produced
- d)Six sticky ends will be produced
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
If a plasmid vector is digested with EcoRI at a single site, then
a)
One sticky ends will be produced
b)
Two sticky ends will be produced
c)
Four sticky ends will be produced
d)
Six sticky ends will be produced
|
|
Dev Patel answered |
Plasmid is a circular DNA, if it is digested at a single site, one fragment will be produced with two sticky ends.
Which of the following is not a desirable feature of a cloning vector?- a)Presence of origin of replication
- b)Presence of a marker gene
- c)Presence of single restriction enzyme site
- d)Presence of two or more recognition sites
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is not a desirable feature of a cloning vector?
a)
Presence of origin of replication
b)
Presence of a marker gene
c)
Presence of single restriction enzyme site
d)
Presence of two or more recognition sites
|
Top Rankers answered |
Option (d) is the correct answer. Cloning vectors are the carriers of the desired gene in the host cell. The features desirable in a cloning vector are :-
- Presence of origin of replication
- Presence of marker genes
- Presence of very few, preferably single recognition site for the commonly used restriction enzymes
Primers are______.- a)Nucleases
- b)Fragments of RNA
- c)Palindromic sequences
- d)Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Primers are______.
a)
Nucleases
b)
Fragments of RNA
c)
Palindromic sequences
d)
Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides
|
Nandini Iyer answered |
Primers are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA and the enzyme DNA polymerase.
Restriction endonuclease- a)Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites
- b)Synthesizes DNA
- c)Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the nucleus
- d)Cuts the DNA molecule randomly
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Restriction endonuclease
a)
Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites
b)
Synthesizes DNA
c)
Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the nucleus
d)
Cuts the DNA molecule randomly
|
|
Hitakshi Tamta answered |
Restriction endonuclease is a type of enzyme that can cleave molecules of DNA at a particular site called restriction site having polindromic sequence. These enzymes are produced by many bacteria and protect the cell by cleaving and destroying the DNA of invading viruses. Now a days, restriction enzymes are widely used in the techniques of genetic engineering.Therefore, the correct answer is option 'A'.
The term 'recombinant DNA' refers to- a)DNA of the host cell
- b)DNA with a piece of foreign DNA
- c)DNA with selectable marker
- d)DNA with more than one recognition sites
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The term 'recombinant DNA' refers to
a)
DNA of the host cell
b)
DNA with a piece of foreign DNA
c)
DNA with selectable marker
d)
DNA with more than one recognition sites
|
|
Rajat Parihar answered |
Construction of recombinant DNA, in which a foreign DNA fragment is inserted into a plasmid vector.
Read the following and answer the question given below :
Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.
Q. Restriction endonucleases are also called as molecular or biological scissors because:
- a)they cleave base pairs of DNA only at their terminal ends
- b)they cleave one or both the strands of DNA
- c)they act only on single stranded DNA
- d)none of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the following and answer the question given below :
Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.
Q. Restriction endonucleases are also called as molecular or biological scissors because:
a)
they cleave base pairs of DNA only at their terminal ends
b)
they cleave one or both the strands of DNA
c)
they act only on single stranded DNA
d)
none of these
|
|
Riya Banerjee answered |
Restriction endonucleases are referred to as molecular or biological scissors because they can cleave both strands of DNA at specific sites. This property is crucial for genetic engineering applications where precise cuts are required to splice genes or insert new sequences into DNA.
Therefore, the correct answer to why restriction endonucleases are called molecular or biological scissors is:
2 they cleave one or both the strands of DNA
This answer reflects the ability of these enzymes to make cuts in double-stranded DNA, which is essential for their role in recombinant DNA technology.
Which of the following statement is not correct?
- a)Recombinant technologies are used to produce desirable proteins
- b)Agrobacterium is a genus of bacteria that causes tumours in plants
- c)Log phase does not show any significant increase in the number of cells whereas the lag phase shows rapid multiplication of cells
- d)Dolly, a sheep was the first animal to be cloned in 1997
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statement is not correct?
a)
Recombinant technologies are used to produce desirable proteins
b)
Agrobacterium is a genus of bacteria that causes tumours in plants
c)
Log phase does not show any significant increase in the number of cells whereas the lag phase shows rapid multiplication of cells
d)
Dolly, a sheep was the first animal to be cloned in 1997
|
|
Ananya Das answered |
The statement that is not correct is:
3. Log phase does not show any significant increase in the number of cells whereas the lag phase shows rapid multiplication of cells.
Here's why:
-
Log phase (or exponential phase) is actually characterized by a rapid and significant increase in the number of cells. During this phase, cells are dividing at an exponential rate.
-
Lag phase is the initial phase where cells are adapting to new conditions and preparing for growth. During this phase, there is little to no significant increase in cell number as the cells are not yet dividing rapidly.
To summarize, the log phase is when cell multiplication is most rapid, not the lag phase.
Selectable markers are the genes which code for resistance to _______- a)disease
- b)phages
- c)antibiotics
- d)foreign entity
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Selectable markers are the genes which code for resistance to _______
a)
disease
b)
phages
c)
antibiotics
d)
foreign entity
|
|
Dev Patel answered |
Genes coding for resistance to antibiotics are usually used as selectable markers. They are introduced in an organism especially bacteria along with plasmid. They help in the identification of transformants.
Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.Q. The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is :- a)GATTCG
- b)GAATTC
- c)GTTCAA
- d)TTCCAA
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:
The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.
Q. The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is :
a)
GATTCG
b)
GAATTC
c)
GTTCAA
d)
TTCCAA
|
|
Suyash Chaudhary answered |
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Biotechnology is a field that involves the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the human environment. It encompasses various techniques such as the 'testtube' programme, gene synthesis, and gene correction. The foundation of modern biotechnology lies in genetic engineering and the maintenance of sterile conditions.
Genetic Engineering and DNA
Genetic engineering is a technique used to alter the chemistry of genetic material, specifically DNA and RNA. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. It is made up of a sequence of nucleotides, which are represented by the letters A, T, G, and C (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine).
EcoRI and DNA Cutting
EcoRI is a type of enzyme known as a restriction endonuclease, which is commonly used in genetic engineering. This enzyme recognizes specific DNA sequences and cuts the DNA at those locations. The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is GAATTC.
Explanation of the Answer
The correct answer to the given question is option B, which states that the specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is GAATTC. This answer is accurate because EcoRI is a restriction endonuclease that recognizes and cuts DNA at the sequence GAATTC.
Key Takeaways
- Biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the human environment.
- Genetic engineering is a technique that alters the chemistry of genetic material, specifically DNA and RNA.
- DNA is a molecule that contains genetic instructions and is made up of nucleotides represented by the letters A, T, G, and C.
- EcoRI is a type of enzyme used in genetic engineering that cuts DNA at specific sequences.
- The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is GAATTC.
Overall, understanding the principles of biotechnology and genetic engineering is crucial in the field of healthcare and environmental modification. By manipulating genetic material, scientists can make significant advancements in various areas, including medicine, agriculture, and industry.
Biotechnology is a field that involves the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the human environment. It encompasses various techniques such as the 'testtube' programme, gene synthesis, and gene correction. The foundation of modern biotechnology lies in genetic engineering and the maintenance of sterile conditions.
Genetic Engineering and DNA
Genetic engineering is a technique used to alter the chemistry of genetic material, specifically DNA and RNA. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. It is made up of a sequence of nucleotides, which are represented by the letters A, T, G, and C (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine).
EcoRI and DNA Cutting
EcoRI is a type of enzyme known as a restriction endonuclease, which is commonly used in genetic engineering. This enzyme recognizes specific DNA sequences and cuts the DNA at those locations. The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is GAATTC.
Explanation of the Answer
The correct answer to the given question is option B, which states that the specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is GAATTC. This answer is accurate because EcoRI is a restriction endonuclease that recognizes and cuts DNA at the sequence GAATTC.
Key Takeaways
- Biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the human environment.
- Genetic engineering is a technique that alters the chemistry of genetic material, specifically DNA and RNA.
- DNA is a molecule that contains genetic instructions and is made up of nucleotides represented by the letters A, T, G, and C.
- EcoRI is a type of enzyme used in genetic engineering that cuts DNA at specific sequences.
- The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is GAATTC.
Overall, understanding the principles of biotechnology and genetic engineering is crucial in the field of healthcare and environmental modification. By manipulating genetic material, scientists can make significant advancements in various areas, including medicine, agriculture, and industry.
One of the key factors, which makes the plasmid the vector in genetic engineering is- a)Its resistance to antibiotics
- b)Its resistance to restriction enzymes
- c)Its ability to carry a foreign gene
- d)Its ability to cause infection in the host
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
One of the key factors, which makes the plasmid the vector in genetic engineering is
a)
Its resistance to antibiotics
b)
Its resistance to restriction enzymes
c)
Its ability to carry a foreign gene
d)
Its ability to cause infection in the host
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal, self-replicating, usually circular, double-stranded DNA molecules found naturally in many bacteria and also in some yeasts. Plasmids are usually not essential for normal cell growth and division, they often confer some traits to the host organism e.g., resistance to certain antibiotics. The plasmid that is used as a carrier for transferring a fragment of foreign DNA into a suitable host is called vehicle DNA or cloning vector or gene carrier.
Which of the following contributed in popularising the PCR (polymerase chain reactions) technique?- a)Easy availability of DNA template
- b)Availability of synthetic primers
- c)Availability of 'Thermostable' DNA polymerase
- d)Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following contributed in popularising the PCR (polymerase chain reactions) technique?
a)
Easy availability of DNA template
b)
Availability of synthetic primers
c)
Availability of 'Thermostable' DNA polymerase
d)
Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides
|
|
Rajkumar Nagwan answered |
Availability of thermostable dna polymerase made the rxn catalyed even at high temperature
Which plasmid of Agrobacterium tumifaciens leads to tumor formation in dicots?- a)F plasmid
- b)Ti
- c)pUC
- d)pBR
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which plasmid of Agrobacterium tumifaciens leads to tumor formation in dicots?
a)
F plasmid
b)
Ti
c)
pUC
d)
pBR
|
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
The Ti plasmid in Agrobacterium tumifaciens leads to tumor formation in dicots. ‘Ti’ stands for tumor-inducing. It may contain more than one T-DNA region. This plasmid is modified and used as a cloning vector.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct regarding restriction endonucleases?i. Hind II was the first restriction endonuclease discovered and cuts DNA at a specific sequence of six base pairs.ii. The convention for naming these enzymes is the first 2 letters of the name comes from the genus and the second one letter come from the species of the prokaryotic cell from which they were isolated.iii. Exonucleases and endonucleases are both types of restriction enzymes that function by cutting DNA at specific sites.iv. Each restriction endonuclease can only recognize and cut palindromic sequences in the DNA.- a)i and ii
- b)ii and iii
- c)i and iv
- d)i, iii, and iv
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct regarding restriction endonucleases?
i. Hind II was the first restriction endonuclease discovered and cuts DNA at a specific sequence of six base pairs.
ii. The convention for naming these enzymes is the first 2 letters of the name comes from the genus and the second one letter come from the species of the prokaryotic cell from which they were isolated.
iii. Exonucleases and endonucleases are both types of restriction enzymes that function by cutting DNA at specific sites.
iv. Each restriction endonuclease can only recognize and cut palindromic sequences in the DNA.
a)
i and ii
b)
ii and iii
c)
i and iv
d)
i, iii, and iv
|
|
Raghavendra Roy answered |
Overview of Restriction Endonucleases
Restriction endonucleases, also known as restriction enzymes, are crucial in molecular biology for manipulating DNA. Let's evaluate the statements provided regarding these enzymes.
Statement Analysis
- i. Hind II was the first restriction endonuclease discovered and cuts DNA at a specific sequence of six base pairs.
- This statement is incorrect. Hind II was not the first restriction enzyme discovered; that title goes to Hind II's predecessor, Hind I. Additionally, while Hind II does cut DNA at a specific site, it does not necessarily cut at a sequence of six base pairs.
- ii. The convention for naming these enzymes is the first 2 letters of the name comes from the genus and the second one letter comes from the species of the prokaryotic cell from which they were isolated.
- This statement is correct. For example, EcoRI is derived from Escherichia coli (genus: Eco, species: R).
- iii. Exonucleases and endonucleases are both types of restriction enzymes that function by cutting DNA at specific sites.
- This statement is incorrect. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of DNA, while endonucleases cut within the DNA strand. Only endonucleases are classified as restriction enzymes.
- iv. Each restriction endonuclease can only recognize and cut palindromic sequences in the DNA.
- This statement is correct. Most restriction enzymes recognize specific palindromic sequences in the DNA, which are sequences that read the same forwards and backwards.
Correct Statements
Based on the analysis, the correct statements are ii and iv. Thus, the correct answer is option 'c' (i and iv).
Restriction endonucleases, also known as restriction enzymes, are crucial in molecular biology for manipulating DNA. Let's evaluate the statements provided regarding these enzymes.
Statement Analysis
- i. Hind II was the first restriction endonuclease discovered and cuts DNA at a specific sequence of six base pairs.
- This statement is incorrect. Hind II was not the first restriction enzyme discovered; that title goes to Hind II's predecessor, Hind I. Additionally, while Hind II does cut DNA at a specific site, it does not necessarily cut at a sequence of six base pairs.
- ii. The convention for naming these enzymes is the first 2 letters of the name comes from the genus and the second one letter comes from the species of the prokaryotic cell from which they were isolated.
- This statement is correct. For example, EcoRI is derived from Escherichia coli (genus: Eco, species: R).
- iii. Exonucleases and endonucleases are both types of restriction enzymes that function by cutting DNA at specific sites.
- This statement is incorrect. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of DNA, while endonucleases cut within the DNA strand. Only endonucleases are classified as restriction enzymes.
- iv. Each restriction endonuclease can only recognize and cut palindromic sequences in the DNA.
- This statement is correct. Most restriction enzymes recognize specific palindromic sequences in the DNA, which are sequences that read the same forwards and backwards.
Correct Statements
Based on the analysis, the correct statements are ii and iv. Thus, the correct answer is option 'c' (i and iv).
The enzyme which cleaves DNA is _______- a)ligase
- b)lipase
- c)DNase
- d)RNase
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The enzyme which cleaves DNA is _______
a)
ligase
b)
lipase
c)
DNase
d)
RNase
|
|
Ananya Das answered |
The enzyme which cleaves DNA is DNase. It catalyzes the breakdown of phosphodiester linkages of DNA. It is a type of endonuclease. Ligases are the enzymes used in the joining of two strands.
What is the purpose of treating bacterial cells or plant/animal tissue with enzymes like lysozyme, cellulase, or chitinase in the process of recombinant DNA technology?- a)To release DNA from cells
- b)To remove proteins
- c)To isolate RNA
- d)To precipitate DNA with ethanol
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the purpose of treating bacterial cells or plant/animal tissue with enzymes like lysozyme, cellulase, or chitinase in the process of recombinant DNA technology?
a)
To release DNA from cells
b)
To remove proteins
c)
To isolate RNA
d)
To precipitate DNA with ethanol
|
|
Stepway Academy answered |
Enzymes like lysozyme, cellulase, and chitinase are used to break down cell walls and release DNA from cells.
______ a crown gall bacterium, is called as 'natural genetic engineer' of plants.- a)Escherichia coli
- b)Streptomyces albus
- c)Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- d)Azotobacter
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
______ a crown gall bacterium, is called as 'natural genetic engineer' of plants.
a)
Escherichia coli
b)
Streptomyces albus
c)
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
d)
Azotobacter
|
|
Mira Joshi answered |
A soil-inhabiting plant bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a pathogen of several dicot plants. It is able to transfer a piece of DNA known as 'T-DNA' into the plant cells. The T-DNA causes tumours, the tumours are called crown galls. Tumour formation is induced by Ti plasmid (Ti for tumour inducing). As gene transfer occurs without human effort, the bacterium is called natural genetic engineer of plants. Similarly retroviruses in animals including humans are able to change normal cells into cancerous cells.
Which metal microparticles are used in gene gun?- a)Aurum
- b)Nitrogen
- c)Magnesium
- d)Cuprum
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which metal microparticles are used in gene gun?
a)
Aurum
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Magnesium
d)
Cuprum
|
|
Meera Singh answered |
The microparticles of gold-coated with DNA are used in gene gun technique. Aurum is a Latin word for gold. Other metal used for this technique is tungsten.
Biolistics is also known as ______- a)micro-injection
- b)micro-pipetting
- c)insertional inactivation
- d)gene gun
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Biolistics is also known as ______
a)
micro-injection
b)
micro-pipetting
c)
insertional inactivation
d)
gene gun
|
|
Dev Patel answered |
Biolistics is also known as a gene gun. It is a method in which cells are bombarded with high-velocity micro-particles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA. It is mostly used for plant cells.
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: The cloning vector is required to have very few, preferably single, recognition sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
Statement 2: Presence of more than one recognition sites within a cloning vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the process of gene cloning.- a)Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
- b)Both statements 1 and 2 are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
- c)Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect.
- d)Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: The cloning vector is required to have very few, preferably single, recognition sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
Statement 2: Presence of more than one recognition sites within a cloning vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the process of gene cloning.
Statement 1: The cloning vector is required to have very few, preferably single, recognition sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
Statement 2: Presence of more than one recognition sites within a cloning vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the process of gene cloning.
a)
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
b)
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
c)
Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect.
d)
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.
|
|
Rohit Jain answered |
When cut by the same restriction enzyme, the resultant DNA fragments have the same kind of 'sticky-ends' produced, which can be joined together (end-to-end) using DNA ligase. Restriction enzymes are of two kinds - exonucleases and endonucleases. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the j ends of the DNA whereas endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. Therefore, in order to link the alien DNA (or foreign DNA), the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition/cloning sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
How many fragments will be generated if you digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA?- a)3
- b)6
- c)5
- d)4
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
How many fragments will be generated if you digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA?
a)
3
b)
6
c)
5
d)
4
|
Preeti Iyer answered |
If DNA is linear then the number of fragments generated is (N+1), where N= number of recognition sites or sequences.
Hence the number of fragments generated is 5 if we digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA.
Hence the number of fragments generated is 5 if we digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA.
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