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Index

Business Environment

International Business

Theories of International Trade

Foreign Direct Investment

Balance of Payments

Regional Economic Integration

International Economic institutions

Priniciples of Accounting

Accounting for Partnership

Corporate Accounting

Holding Company Accounts

Cost and Management Accounting

Marginal Costing

Standard Costing

Budgetary Control

Process Costing

Activity Based Costing

Contemporary Concepts for Costing

Financial Statement Analysis

Ratio Analysis

Fund Flow and Cash Flow Analysis

Advanced Accounting Practices

Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS

Auditing

Recent Trends in Auditing

Meaning & Scope of Business Economics

Objectives of business firms

Demand Analysis

Consumer Behavior

Law of Variable Proportions & Laws of Returns to Scale

Theory of Cost

Price Determination

Pricing Strategies

Finance

Cost of Capital & Time Value of Money

Capital Structure

Dividend Decision

Risk & Return Analysis

Asset Securitization

IMF

Foreign Exhange Markets

International Financial Markets

International Arbitrage & Multinational Capital Budgeting

Measures of central tendency

Measures of dispersion

Measures of skewness

Correlation & Regression

Probability

Research

Data

Sampling

Hypothesis Testing

Report Writing

Management

Organizational Structure

Corporate Governance

HRM

Compensation Management

Personality

Organizational Development & Organizational Change

Indian Financial System

Types of Banks

RBI

Banking Sector Reforms in India

Financial Markets

Marketing

Product Decisions

Pricing Decisions

Promotion Decisions

Distribution Decisions

Consumer Behaviour

Service Marketing

Trends in Marketing

Logistics Management

Indian Contract Act 1872

Sales of Goods Act, 1930

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881

The Companies Act

LLP

The Competition Act

The Information Technology Act, 2000

The RTI Act, 2005

IPRs

Goods and Services Tax (GST)

Income Tax

International Taxation

Corporate Tax Planning

Deduction & Collection of Tax

All Exams > UGC NET > UGC NET Commerce Preparation Course > All Notes

All notes of UGC NET Commerce Preparation Course

Business Environment

Chapter Notes - Business Environment

7 pages

Chapter Notes - Consumer Protection

14 pages

Socio-Cultural Factors and it's Influence on Business

7 pages

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

9 pages

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International Business

Importance and Scope of International Business

4 pages

Modes of International Business

6 pages

Globalisation and it's Drivers

9 pages

Theories of International Trade

Theories of International Trade

5 pages

Government Intervention in International Trade

3 pages

Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers

4 pages

India's Foreign Trade Policy

8 pages

Foreign Direct Investment

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI)

13 pages

Trends in FDI

5 pages

Types and Costs & Benefits of FDI to Home and Host Countries

6 pages

India's FDI Policy

2 pages

Balance of Payments

Regional Economic Integration

4 pages

Regional Economic Integration

Regional Economic Integration

10 pages

Levels of Regional Economic Integration

3 pages

Trade Creation and Trade Diversion

3 pages

Regional Trade Agreements

2 pages

European Union, ASEAN, SAARC & NAFTA

15 pages

International Economic institutions

World Trade Organisation

1 page

Agreement on Agriculture

3 pages

India and International Economic Institutions - 1

15 pages

India and International Economic Institutions - 2

8 pages

GATS, TRIPS & TRIMS

9 pages

Priniciples of Accounting

Basic Accounting Concepts and Conventions

16 pages

Accounting for Partnership

Chapter Notes- Accounting for Partnerships: Basic Concepts

20 pages

Chapter Notes - Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm: Admission of a Partner

23 pages

Chapter Notes - Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm : Retirement/Death of a Partner

19 pages

Chapter Notes - Dissolution of a Partnership Firm

8 pages

Corporate Accounting

Chapter Notes - Accounting for Share Capital

27 pages

Liquidation of a Company

7 pages

Merger and Amalgamation of a Company

10 pages

Accounting Treatment for Amalgamation of a Company

8 pages

Holding Company Accounts

Meaning of Holding company - Holding Companies, Advanced Corporate Accounting

1 page

Capital profits & Revenue Profits - Holding Companies, Advanced Corporate Accounting

1 page

Consolidated Balance Sheet - Holding Companies, Advanced Corporate Accounting

6 pages

Accounts of Holding Companies - Holding Companies, Advanced Corporate Accounting

4 pages

Mutual Owings (Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities) -Advanced Corporate Accounting

2 pages

Cost and Management Accounting

Meaning, Scope & Objectives - Introduction to Cost Accounting, Cost Accounting

11 pages

Classification of Costs, Ascertainment & Estimation - Intro to Cost Accounting, Cost Accounting

6 pages

PPT - Installation of Costing system

5 pages

Cost Centre & Cost Unit - Introduction to Cost Accounting, Cost Accounting

3 pages

Marginal Costing

Break Even Analysis - Marginal Costing, Cost Management

19 pages

Marginal Costing

4 pages

Standard Costing

Introduction to Standard Costing

13 pages

Variance Analysis

9 pages

Budgetary Control

Zero Base Budgeting - Budgetary Control, Cost Management

3 pages

Types of Budgets - Budgetary Control, Cost Management

15 pages

Introduction to Budgetary Control - Budgetary Control, Cost Management

10 pages

Process Costing

PPT - Process Costing

9 pages

Process Costing - Methods of Costing, Cost Accounting

11 pages

Activity Based Costing

Introduction to Activity Based Costing

13 pages

Allocation of Overheads and Steps in Implementation of ABC Costing

3 pages

Contemporary Concepts for Costing

Target Costing - Contemporary Concepts, Cost Management

5 pages

Life Cycle Costing - Contemporary Concepts, Cost Management

7 pages

Kaizen Costing

13 pages

Financial Statement Analysis

Financial Statement Analysis

4 pages

Tools for Analysis of Financial Statements

5 pages

Ratio Analysis

Chapter Notes: Accounting Ratios

25 pages

PPT - Accounting Ratios

48 pages

Fund Flow and Cash Flow Analysis

Chapter Notes: Cash Flow Statements

11 pages

Statement of Changes in Working Capital - Fund Flow Analysis, Financial Analysis and Reporting

1 page

PPT - Cash Flow Statements

21 pages

Fund Flow Analysis

13 pages

Advanced Accounting Practices

Human Resource Accounting

5 pages

Inflation Accounting

6 pages

Environmental Accounting

7 pages

Types of Environmental Accounting

8 pages

Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS

Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS

4 pages

Auditing

Basic Concepts of Auditing

9 pages

Internal Audit

2 pages

Vouching

28 pages

Verification and Valuation of Assets and Liabilities

4 pages

Finacial Statements Audit

3 pages

Audit Report

16 pages

Cost Audit

11 pages

Recent Trends in Auditing

Management Audit

12 pages

Energy Audit

4 pages

System Audit

10 pages

Safety Audit

7 pages

Environment Audit

6 pages

Meaning & Scope of Business Economics

Meaning and Scope of Business Economics

6 pages

Objectives of business firms

Objectives of Business Firms

2 pages

Demand Analysis

Demand and the determinants of demand

3 pages

Law of Demand

7 pages

Demand Curve

3 pages

Consumer Behavior

Consumer Behaviour: Utility Analysis

10 pages

Consumer Behaviour: Indifference Curve

4 pages

Law of Variable Proportions & Laws of Returns to Scale

Law of Variable Proportions

5 pages

Law of Returns to Scale

3 pages

Theory of Cost

Short Run & Long Run Cost Curves - Cost Function Analysis, Business Economics & Finance

19 pages

Price Determination

Price determination Under different Market Forms

7 pages

Pricing Strategies

Pricing strategies: Price skimming; Price penetration

1 page

Peak Load Pricing

1 page

Finance

Scope of Finance

5 pages

Sources of Finance

6 pages

Lease Financing

2 pages

Cost of Capital & Time Value of Money

Cost of Capital

7 pages

Time Value of Money

4 pages

Capital Structure

Capital Structure

2 pages

Capital Budgeting Analysis: Techniques & Importance

3 pages

Working Capital Management

8 pages

Dividend Decision

Dividend Decision: Theories and Policies

5 pages

Risk & Return Analysis

Risk & Return Analysis

4 pages

Asset Securitization

Asset Securitization

5 pages

IMF

International Monetary System

11 pages

Foreign Exhange Markets

Exchange Rate Risk & Hedging Techniques

4 pages

Exchange Rate Risk & Hedging Techniques - 1

6 pages

International Financial Markets

International Financial Markets & Instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs

3 pages

International Arbitrage & Multinational Capital Budgeting

International Arbitrage & Multinational Capital Budgeting

10 pages

Measures of central tendency

Measures of Central Tendency

2 pages

Measures of dispersion

Measures of Dispersion: Meaning, Types & Formulas

4 pages

Measures of skewness

Skewness: Measures

9 pages

Correlation & Regression

Correlation & Regression

2 pages

Probability

Approaches to Probability

4 pages

Bayes Theorem

5 pages

Probability Distributions: Binomial, Poisson & Normal Distribution

4 pages

Research

Research: Concept & Types

5 pages

Research Designs: Elements & Types

5 pages

Data

Data Collection: Types

5 pages

Classification of Data

1 page

Sampling

Sampling & Estimation

3 pages

Sampling Methods: Types & Techniques

6 pages

Sample Distribution: Definition, How It's Used, & Examples

6 pages

Central Limit Theorem & The Standard Error

9 pages

Statistical Estimation

6 pages

Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Testing: t-test & z-test

11 pages

ANOVA & Chi-square Test

9 pages

Mann-Whitney Test (U-Test) & Kruskal-Wallis test (H-test)

9 pages

Rank Correlation Test

4 pages

Report Writing

Report Writing

4 pages

Management

Principles & Functions of Management

4 pages

Organizational Structure

Formal & Informal Organizational Structure

2 pages

Span of Control

3 pages

Responsibility & Authority: Delegation of Authority & Decentralization

9 pages

Motivation & Leadership

11 pages

Corporate Governance

Corporate Governance & Business Ethics

2 pages

HRM

Human Resource Management: Role & Functions

7 pages

Human Resource Planning

3 pages

Recruitment & Selection

5 pages

Training & Development

5 pages

Succession Planning

4 pages

Compensation Management

Compensation Management

7 pages

Job Evaluation

3 pages

Incentives & Fringe Benefits

2 pages

360 Degree Performance Appraisal

5 pages

Collective Bargaining

6 pages

Workers Participation in Management

8 pages

Personality

Personality, Perception & Emotions

2 pages

Group Dynamics

10 pages

Organizational Power & Politics

5 pages

Conflict & Negotiation

2 pages

Stress Management in Organizational Behaviour

4 pages

Organizational Development & Organizational Change

Organizational Development & Organizational Change

5 pages

Indian Financial System

Indian Financial System

2 pages

Types of Banks

Types of Banks

2 pages

RBI

Reserve Bank of India: Role & Functions

1 page

Banking Sector Reforms in India

Banking Sector Reforms in India

6 pages

Basel Norms

2 pages

Risk Management & NPA Management in Indian Banking Sector

6 pages

Financial Markets

Financial Market : Money Market and Capital Market

3 pages

Government Securities

2 pages

Development Finance Institutions (DFIs)

1 page

Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs)

2 pages

Mutual Funds & Pension Funds

12 pages

Financial Regulators in India

2 pages

Financial Sector Reforms

4 pages

Internet Banking & Mobile Banking

7 pages

Digital Payments Systems

2 pages

Insurance: Types of Insurance

3 pages

Risk Classification and Management

5 pages

Factors Limiting the Insurability of Risk

4 pages

Regulatory Framework of Insurance: IRDA

6 pages

Marketing

Marketing: Concept & Approaches

5 pages

Marketing Channels & Marketing Mix

7 pages

Strategic Marketing Planning

6 pages

Market Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning

7 pages

Product Decisions

Product Decisions: Concept & Types

3 pages

Pricing Decisions: Meaning & Affecting Factors

2 pages

Pricing Decisions

Pricing policies & Strategies

5 pages

Promotion Decisions

Promotion Decisions: Meaning, Elements & Techniques

2 pages

Promotion Methods

9 pages

Distribution Decisions

Distribution Decisions: Channels of Distribution & Channel Management

14 pages

Consumer Behaviour

Consumer Behaviour: Buying Process & Factors influencing Consumer

8 pages

Service Marketing

Service Marketing: Importance & Types

3 pages

Trends in Marketing

Marketing Trends

4 pages

Social Marketing

7 pages

Green Marketing

11 pages

Rural Marketing & Direct Marketing

9 pages

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

2 pages

Logistics Management

Logistics Management: Importance, Objective & Features

2 pages

Indian Contract Act 1872

Indian Contract Act 1872, Meaning, Provisions And Remedies In Case Of Breach Of Contract

8 pages

Quasi Contracts

3 pages

Contracts of Indemnity & Guarantee

5 pages

Contracts of Bailment & Pledge

10 pages

Contracts of Agency

8 pages

Sales of Goods Act, 1930

Sale of Goods Act, 1930

4 pages

Doctrine of Caveat Emptor

5 pages

Rights of Unpaid Seller against Buyer

3 pages

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881

29 pages

Dishonour And Discharge Of Negotiable Instrument

4 pages

The Companies Act

The Companies Act, 2013: Nature and kinds of companies & Company formation

3 pages

Winding Up of a Joint Stock Company

10 pages

LLP

Limited Liability Partnership (LLP): Meaning & Features

5 pages

Procedure of Formation of LLP in India

5 pages

The Competition Act

The Competition Act, 2002: Objectives & Main Provisions

9 pages

The Information Technology Act, 2000

The Information Technology Act, 2000: Objectives & Main Provisions

3 pages

Cyber Crimes & Penalities

6 pages

The RTI Act, 2005

The RTI Act, 2005: Objectives & Main Provisions

4 pages

IPRs

Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) : Patents, Trademarks & Copyrights

7 pages

Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) : Patents, Trademarks & Copyrights - 2

13 pages

Emerging Issues in Intellectual Property

5 pages

Goods and Services Tax (GST)

Goods and Services Tax (GST)

9 pages

Working of Dual GST

8 pages

Income Tax

Basic Concepts of Income Tax

9 pages

Residential Status & Tax Incidence

9 pages

Exempted Incomes & Agricultural Income

6 pages

Computation of Taxable Income Under Various Heads

6 pages

Deductions from Gross Total Income

13 pages

Clubbing of Income

10 pages

International Taxation

Double Taxation and its Avoidance Mechanism

9 pages

Transfer Pricing

3 pages

Corporate Tax Planning

Corporate Tax Planning: Concepts & Significance

11 pages

Tax Avoidance versus Tax Evasion

3 pages

Techniques of Corporate Tax Planning

5 pages

Tax Considerations in Specific Business Situations

6 pages

Make or Buy Decisions

3 pages

Own or Lease an Asset

7 pages

Renewal or Replacement of Asset

5 pages

Shut Down or Continue Operations

10 pages

Deduction & Collection of Tax

Tax Deducted at Source

6 pages

Advance Payment of Tax

6 pages

E-filing of Income-tax Returns

6 pages

UGC NET Commerce Preparation Course

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Revision notes for UGC NET Commerce Preparation Course 2025 is part of UGC NET exam preparation. The notes have been prepared according to the UGC NET exam syllabus. The revision notes, tests & MCQs are made for UGC NET 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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